Battery Cell Supervision Circuit Temperature Balancing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Battery management systems face inaccuracies in cell voltage readings due to temperature gradients within battery packs, leading to inefficient battery management and reduced performance.
Innovation Solution
A measurement circuit with a power sharing control loop that adjusts the supply voltage based on temperature readings, using internal and external regulation circuits to maintain consistent junction temperatures across battery cells, thereby compensating for temperature gradients and improving voltage measurement accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If temperature compensation is implemented across all battery cells, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements temperature compensation locally at each cell supervision circuit rather than globally across the entire battery management system. Each CSC independently measures its own temperature and applies compensation to its voltage readings, eliminating the need for system-wide temperature management infrastructure while maintaining measurement accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
Each cell supervision circuit autonomously performs temperature measurement and voltage compensation without requiring external control. The CSC uses its integrated temperature sensor and reference circuitry to self-correct measurement errors, reducing the need for complex centralized control logic and communication infrastructure.
2Device complexity
If temperature gradients are allowed to exist, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the reference parameter from a fixed nominal voltage to a temperature-dependent reference voltage generated by local reference circuitry. This allows the system to accommodate temperature gradients by dynamically adjusting the reference level according to actual operating conditions, maintaining measurement accuracy without requiring temperature uniformity.
Solution Approach 2:
The system performs preliminary temperature compensation at the source by adjusting the reference voltage before voltage measurements are taken. This preemptive correction eliminates measurement errors caused by temperature effects on both the battery cells and the measurement circuitry itself.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution ensures more accurate and comparable temperature and voltage measurements across battery cells, enhancing the overall efficiency and performance of battery management systems by balancing temperature across measurement circuits.
Implementation Method 1
a temperature sensor configured to measure a temperature of the measurement circuit
Implementation Method 2
the pass device is configured to regulate voltage to the measurement circuit
Implementation Method 3
an internal regulation circuit configured to regulate power provided to the measurement circuit
Data Source
AI summary
Circuitry to measure individual battery cells of a battery pack and make corrections to account for environmental differences between battery cells and their associated measuring circuit. Several cell supervision circuits (CSCs) may be placed to monitor and manage one or more subsets of battery cells within the battery pack. The temperature of this battery pack is not distributed homogeneously which may cause a temperature gradient and affect the internal regulation circuit that generates a reference voltage used to determine the voltage of its supervised cell or cells and regulates power to the CSC components. This reference voltage is temperature dependent and thus a temperature mismatch of the CSCs. Based on the measurement circuit an external regulation terminal controls a pass device to share power between the pass device and the internal regulation circuit to manage the temperature of each CSC.