Battery Composite Particles for Heat Suppression Without Cycle Loss
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable batteries, such as lithium ion batteries, face challenges in reducing or suppressing internal temperature increases, which can lead to safety issues like short circuits and thermal runaway. Current solutions involving radical scavengers and metal hydroxide particles are insufficient in effectively managing temperature and maintaining cycle characteristics.
Innovation Solution
The use of composite particles comprising a metal hydroxide and a flame retardant component, specifically containing a phosphorus element, a phosphorus element and a boron element, or a phosphorus element and a bromine element, with a content of these elements within a predetermined range (18 wt% to 30 wt%) to form composite particles that effectively reduce or suppress internal temperature increases in rechargeable batteries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If radical scavengers or metal hydroxide particles are incorporated into the battery, then internal temperature increase is reduced or suppressed, but cycle characteristics deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies composite materials by combining metal hydroxide particles with flame retardant components (phosphorus, boron, or bromine) to create a new composite particle system. This composite structure allows the material to simultaneously achieve temperature suppression through endothermic decomposition and maintain cycle characteristics by forming protective films that prevent electrode degradation, resolving the contradiction between temperature control and battery durability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by incorporating specific flame retardant elements (phosphorus, boron, bromine) into the metal hydroxide particles. This parameter modification enables the material to exhibit dual functionality: endothermic heat absorption and radical scavenging through flame retardant mechanisms, thereby suppressing temperature increase while maintaining or improving cycle characteristics.
2Reliability
If metal hydroxide particles are incorporated to suppress temperature increase, then safety is improved, but cycle characteristics and discharge capacity retention rate deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
By creating composite particles of metal hydroxide and flame retardant, the patent achieves enhanced safety through coordinated endothermic decomposition and radical trapping, while the flame retardant component forms protective films that prevent electrode material degradation during cycling, thus maintaining discharge capacity retention rate.
Solution Approach 2:
The flame retardant component acts as an intermediary that mediates between the metal hydroxide particles and the electrode materials. It forms protective interface layers that prevent direct harmful interactions, allowing the metal hydroxide to perform its heat absorption function while the flame retardant protects the electrode from degradation, thereby maintaining cycle life.
3Temperature
If flame retardant component with high phosphorus content is used to suppress temperature increase, then temperature control is improved, but manufacturing precision and composition control become more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the phosphorus content parameter within a specific range (18-30 wt%) to achieve the desired balance between temperature suppression effectiveness and manufacturing controllability. This parameter optimization ensures sufficient flame retardant effect while maintaining feasible manufacturing precision for industrial production.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The incorporation of these composite particles into the positive electrode of non-aqueous electrolyte rechargeable batteries significantly reduces or suppresses internal temperature increases, while also maintaining or improving the cycle characteristics of the batteries, thereby enhancing safety and performance.
Implementation Method 1
a flame retardant component, wherein the flame retardant component contains a phosphorus element, a phosphorus element and a boron element, or a phosphorus element and a bromine element
Implementation Method 2
a flame retardant component, wherein the flame retardant component contains a phosphorus element, a phosphorus element and a boron element, or a phosphorus element and a bromine element
Data Source
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AI summary
According to various examples, by including a sufficient amount of a flame retardant component in addition to metal hydroxide, an increase in the internal temperature of the battery may be reduced or suppressed, and deterioration of the cycle characteristics of the battery may be reduced or suppressed. The flame retardant component includes a phosphorus element, a phosphorus element and a boron element, or a phosphorus element and a bromine element, and a content of phosphorus element, a sum of the contents of a phosphorus element and a boron element or a sum of the contents of a phosphorus element and a bromine element is greater than or equal to about 18 wt% and less than or equal to about 30 wt% based on 100 wt% of the composite particles for nonaqueous electrolyte rechargeable battery.