Battery Compression Control Using Sensorless Pressure Estimation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing lithium-based battery management systems for vehicles lack real-time pressure monitoring capabilities, which affects battery performance and efficiency, as they rely on dedicated pressure sensors that increase complexity and cost.
Innovation Solution
A battery management system that uses a processor and memory to determine normalized pressure of lithium-based batteries based on voltage, current, temperature, state of charge, and lithium density measurements, eliminating the need for dedicated pressure sensors by employing a recurrent neural network to generate pressure measurements and adjust compression levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If dedicated pressure sensors are used to monitor battery pressure, then pressure measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces intermediary parameters (voltage, current, temperature measurements) that indirectly reflect battery pressure conditions. Instead of directly measuring pressure with dedicated sensors, the system uses these intermediary electrical and thermal measurements combined with SOC and lithium density calculations to infer pressure states, thereby avoiding direct pressure sensing hardware
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/physical pressure sensing system with an electrical computation-based system. By substituting physical pressure sensors with an algorithmic approach that processes electrical measurements (voltage, current) and thermal data through neural network computations, the system achieves pressure monitoring without mechanical sensing components
2Reliability
If dedicated pressure sensors are installed in lithium-based batteries, then real-time pressure monitoring is achieved, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent makes existing battery management components multi-functional. The same voltage, current, and temperature sensors already present in the battery system are used not only for their primary functions (state of charge calculation, thermal management) but also as indirect indicators for pressure monitoring, eliminating the need for additional dedicated pressure sensing hardware
Solution Approach 2:
The battery management system uses its own existing measurement infrastructure (voltage, current, temperature sensors and SOC calculations) to serve the additional function of pressure monitoring. The system self-sufficiently determines pressure conditions through its existing computational and sensing capabilities without requiring external or additional specialized components
3Device complexity
If pressure monitoring is implemented using existing measurement signals, then system complexity is reduced, but measurement precision may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the approach by changing from direct physical parameter measurement (pressure) to indirect parameter inference through multiple intermediate parameters (voltage, current, temperature, SOC, lithium density). The recurrent neural network processes these multiple parameters dynamically, adapting their weights and contributions to accurately infer pressure conditions
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements continuous feedback through the recurrent neural network that processes sequential measurement data. The recurrent architecture uses historical measurement patterns and temporal dynamics to refine pressure determinations, with the feedback loop continuously adjusting predictions based on new voltage, current, and temperature measurements along with SOC updates
Data Source
AI summary
Some embodiments disclosed herein are directed to vehicular battery management systems for determining the pressure of lithium-based batteries. Some embodiments may include generating a pressure measurement for a lithium-based battery based on a normalized pressure and an initial pressure value associated with the lithium-based battery, and adjusting or maintaining a compression level applied to the lithium-based battery based on the generated pressure measurement. Other embodiments may be disclosed or claimed.