Battery Condenser Spray Cooling for Uniform Cell Temperature
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing heat exchanger systems for electric vehicle batteries result in non-homogeneous cooling and high thermal resistance, leading to decreased performance and reduced service life.
Innovation Solution
A cooling device with a condenser featuring a main wall and secondary walls forming chambers for battery elements, incorporating a cooling fluid circuit in the main wall and a dielectric fluid circuit in the secondary walls, with nozzles for spraying dielectric fluid to optimize temperature homogeneity and efficiency.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If a cold plate heat exchanger is used to cool battery cells, then cooling capability is provided, but non-homogeneous cooling and high thermal resistance occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a dielectric fluid spray system instead of liquid cooling through cold plates. The dielectric fluid is sprayed directly onto the battery cell surfaces and evaporates, absorbing heat. This hydraulic approach eliminates thermal resistance from contact interfaces and achieves homogeneous cooling across all cell surfaces without the temperature distribution problems of cold plate systems.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the cooling mechanism from liquid-phase heat conduction (cold plates) to phase-change heat transfer (evaporation of dielectric fluid). By utilizing the evaporation process, the system achieves superior heat transfer efficiency and temperature uniformity across battery cells, resolving the thermal resistance and homogeneity issues of traditional cold plate systems.
2Temperature
If a cold plate heat exchanger is used to cool battery cells, then cooling capability is provided, but thermal resistance increases due to material thickness and contact interfaces
Solution Approach 1:
The system employs spray nozzles to atomize dielectric fluid and spray it directly onto battery cell surfaces. This hydraulic method eliminates solid-to-solid contact interfaces that create thermal resistance. The dielectric fluid forms a thin film that directly contacts the cell surfaces, minimizing thermal resistance and improving heat transfer efficiency.
3Temperature
If battery cells are immersed in diphase fluid for cooling, then heat exchange is ensured, but homogeneous cooling is not achieved
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of immersion cooling with diphase fluid, the patent uses a spray system that directs dielectric fluid onto all exposed surfaces of battery cells. This hydraulic approach ensures that top, bottom, and side surfaces of each cell receive cooling treatment, achieving homogeneous temperature distribution that immersion cooling cannot provide.
4Manufacturing precision
If dielectric fluid is sprayed onto battery cells for cooling, then homogeneous cooling is achieved, but condenser protection is required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a condenser positioned above the battery cells that condenses the dielectric fluid vapor back into liquid form. This intermediary device protects the system by recovering the evaporated dielectric fluid, maintaining system pressure, and preventing vapor accumulation. The condenser is integrated into the sealed enclosure, adding minimal complexity while enabling continuous operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides homogeneous cooling and reduces thermal resistance, enhancing battery performance and service life by ensuring uniform temperature distribution across battery elements.
Implementation Method 1
a dielectric fluid circuit (5) in liquid form which is provided in the thickness of at least one secondary wall (9a, 9b, 9c), said dielectric fluid circuit (5) being equipped with at least one nozzle (37) for spraying of the dielectric fluid (1)
Implementation Method 2
the condenser of a device for cooling at least one battery element of a motor vehicle, which condenser is configured to liquefy a dielectric fluid deposited in vapor form on the surface of said condenser
Implementation Method 3
the condenser comprising a cooling fluid circuit which is provided in the thickness of the main wall (6)
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a condenser (3) of a cooling device (2) of at least one battery element (103) of a motor vehicle, configured to liquefy a dielectric fluid deposited in the form of vapor at the surface of said condenser, characterized in that the condenser comprises at least one main wall (6) and a plurality of secondary walls projecting from the main wall and participating in forming a chamber for receiving one or more battery elements. The condenser comprises a cooling fluid circuit provided in the thickness of the main wall and at least one dielectric fluid circuit in liquid form provided in the thickness of at least one secondary wall, said electrical fluid circuit being equipped with at least one nozzle for projecting the dielectric fluid.