Three-Conductor Battery Connection With Voltage Drop Compensation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing battery diagnosis, charging, and discharging systems face challenges in accurately measuring internal resistance due to high parasitic resistances associated with conventional four-wire Kelvin connections, which distort measurements when high currents are involved.

Innovation Solution

A three-conductor system with two power conductors and a single measuring conductor, coupled with a voltage drop compensation electronic entity, compensates for voltage drops caused by power conductors to accurately measure battery parameters.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a four-wire Kelvin connection is used to measure battery parameters, then measurement precision is improved by eliminating parasitic resistances, but device complexity increases due to requiring four conductors

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvemeasurement precisionVSAvoiddevice complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the measuring function from the power transmission function by using a single conductor that alternately carries measurement currents of different magnitudes. The measurement current is separated from the high-power charging/discharging current, allowing accurate measurement of battery parameters without requiring separate power and measurement conductors.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The single conductor serves multiple functions: it acts as both a power conductor for charging/discharging operations and a measuring conductor for parameter measurement. By alternating between different current magnitudes, the same conductor performs both power transmission and precise measurement tasks.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Measurement precision

If a four-wire Kelvin connection is used to measure battery parameters, then measurement precision is improved, but manufacturing cost increases due to additional conductors and connectors

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvemeasurement precisionVSAvoidmanufacturing cost

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the need for separate measurement conductors by extracting the measurement function to be performed through alternating current magnitudes in a single conductor. This eliminates the cost of additional high-quality measurement conductors and their associated connectors.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent uses a simplified single-conductor configuration that copies the essential measurement capability of the four-wire system without replicating its full structural complexity. The measurement information is obtained through signal processing of current responses rather than through separate physical measurement paths.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #26Copying

3Power

If high current is used for battery charging and discharging, then power transmission efficiency is improved, but measurement accuracy deteriorates due to voltage drops in power conductors

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvepower transmissionVSAvoidmeasurement accuracy

Core Design Contradiction:

PowerVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs periodic alternation between high-magnitude current (for power transmission) and low-magnitude measurement current (for accurate parameter measurement). This periodic switching allows the system to maintain high power transmission efficiency while periodically obtaining accurate battery parameter measurements without the distortion caused by continuous high current flow.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs preliminary measurement actions by injecting small test currents before or during power transmission phases. This allows the measurement of battery parameters to be conducted under conditions that minimize the impact of voltage drops, ensuring accuracy while maintaining overall high power transmission efficiency.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach allows for precise measurement of battery electrical quantities while reducing manufacturing complexity and costs, maintaining measurement quality without the need for a traditional four-wire connection.

Implementation Method 1

a voltage drop compensation electronic entity (113) allowing compensating for the voltage drop caused by the power electrical conductors (107a, 107b)

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectVoltage drop compensation: Ohm's Law

Data Source

PatentUS12413084B2Asymmetric device for diagnosis, for charging and/or for discharging of electric batteries and conductors for said device

Publication Date: 2025.09.09 E XTEQ EURO

AI summary

The present invention is an apparatus (101) for diagnosing, charging and/or discharging electric batteries, said apparatus (101) comprising:a circuit (103) for diagnosing, charging and/or discharging batteries;an electrical connection (105) intended to connect said apparatus to the terminals of a battery;characterised in that said connection (105) includes three electrical conductors, two power conductors (107a, 107b) intended to be connected respectively to the positive and negative terminals of a battery and a measuring electrical conductor (109) intended to be connected to one of the terminals of said battery,and in that said apparatus comprises a voltage drop compensation electronic entity (113) allowing compensating for the voltage drop caused by the said power electrical conductors (107a, 107b).