Battery Converter PWM Control for Dry-Battery Discharge Emulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium batteries' discharge voltage curve can damage electrical equipment designed for dry batteries, as their voltage drops sharply upon full discharge, unlike dry batteries where voltage decreases gradually, leading to increased internal resistance.
Innovation Solution
A DC to DC converter system with a microcontroller unit that generates pulse width modulated voltage and adjusts the duty cycle to emulate the discharge voltage curve of dry batteries, ensuring the output voltage level mimics that of dry batteries, thereby protecting equipment designed for dry batteries.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If a lithium battery is used to power electrical equipment designed for dry batteries, then the battery provides higher energy density and power efficiency, but the sharp voltage drop at full discharge damages the electrical equipment
Solution Approach 1:
A voltage conversion circuit is introduced as an intermediary between the lithium battery and the electrical equipment. This circuit converts the lithium battery's discharge characteristics (sharp voltage drop) into a dry battery-like discharge curve (gradual voltage decline), allowing the equipment to operate safely while maintaining the benefits of lithium battery power efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the voltage parameter characteristics by implementing a conversion circuit that transforms the discharge voltage curve from the lithium battery's sharp drop pattern to a gradual decline pattern matching dry battery behavior. This parameter transformation protects equipment while preserving energy efficiency
2Stability of the object's composition
If the discharge voltage curve of a lithium battery is used directly, then the battery maintains constant voltage for most of its capacity, but the precipitous voltage drop at full discharge creates compatibility issues with dry battery equipment
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage conversion circuit acts as a mediator that translates the lithium battery's stable constant-voltage discharge characteristic into a dry battery-like gradual voltage decline, enabling compatibility with equipment designed for dry batteries while preserving the advantages of lithium battery operation
Solution Approach 2:
The invention dynamically adjusts the voltage output characteristics through a conversion circuit that modifies the discharge curve in real-time, transforming the static constant-voltage profile of lithium batteries into a dynamic gradual-decline profile that mimics dry battery behavior and ensures equipment compatibility
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The converter system effectively protects electrical equipment by simulating the discharge voltage curve of dry batteries, preventing damage from lithium battery discharge, ensuring compatibility and safe operation.
Implementation Method 1
A DC to DC converter system with a microcontroller unit that generates pulse width modulated voltage and adjusts the duty cycle
Data Source
AI summary
A converter for a rechargeable battery (e.g., lithium battery) is disclosed. In some embodiments, the converter includes a direct current (DC) to DC converter and a microcontroller unit (MCU). The DC to DC converter includes a switching circuit configured to generate a pulse width modulated (PWM) voltage from the rechargeable battery voltage, wherein the switching circuit is configured to set a variable duty cycle of the PWM voltage. The DC to DC converter also includes a filtering circuit configured to convert the PWM voltage into a DC output voltage having an output voltage level that is set in accordance with the variable duty cycle of the PWM voltage. The MCU is configured to adjust the variable duty cycle of the switching circuit such that the output voltage level of the DC output voltage emulates a discharge voltage curve of a dry battery while the rechargeable battery is being discharged.