Battery Decompaction and Dry Sorting for High-Purity Black Powder
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing lithium battery recovery processes face challenges in efficiently separating and recovering high-purity pole powder due to accumulation of fine metal particles during continuous crushing, poor sieving of copper and aluminum sheets, and high water processing demands, leading to low recovery purity and increased investment.
Innovation Solution
A crushed lithium battery resource recovery apparatus with a decompaction device that unfolds compacted materials using spirally distributed blades, followed by a comprehensive sorting and sieving process to separate and recover metals and battery powder efficiently.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If continuous crushing process is used to process metal, then processing efficiency is improved, but fine metal particles accumulate and are difficult to separate, resulting in low purity of recovered black powder
Solution Approach 1:
The continuous crushing process is divided into multiple discrete crushing stages with intermediate separation steps. After each crushing stage, the material is separated to remove fine metal particles before entering the next stage, preventing accumulation and maintaining product purity while still achieving high processing efficiency through continuous operation.
2Quantity of substance
If color sorting is used to separate copper and aluminum sheets, then metal separation is achieved, but sieving effect is poor and sorting purity is not high
Solution Approach 1:
A magnetic separation device is introduced as an intermediary step between crushing and color sorting. The magnetic separator pre-concentrates ferromagnetic metal particles, creating a more uniform and concentrated feed for the color sorting system, which significantly improves the sieving effect and sorting purity of copper and aluminum sheets.
3Quantity of substance
If water washing process is used to separate pole powder from metal foil, then separation is achieved, but water processing load and difficulty increase, requiring increased investment in water processing devices and agents
Solution Approach 1:
The water washing process is replaced by a dry separation system using airflow classification and vibration screening. Pole powder and metal foil are separated through differences in their physical properties (particle size, density, shape) using air streams and vibrating screens, eliminating the need for water processing equipment and chemical agents while maintaining effective separation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The apparatus effectively separates and recovers high-purity battery powder and metals by reducing metal particle content, facilitating efficient sorting and reducing water processing needs, thereby improving recovery efficiency and reducing operational costs.
Implementation Method 1
an airflow pulverizer, where the airflow pulverizer includes a pulverizer housing; a rotor disposed inside the pulverizer housing; and a rotor driving apparatus to drive the rotor to rotate at a high speed
Implementation Method 2
a rotor disposed inside the pulverizer housing; and a rotor driving apparatus to drive the rotor to rotate at a high speed
Implementation Method 3
a comprehensive sorting apparatus, where the comprehensive sorting apparatus comprises a vertical air classification apparatus, and separates a first material recovered by the first material recovery apparatus to form a third material and a fourth material
Implementation Method 4
a sieving apparatus, where the sieving apparatus separates the fifth material into a sixth material and a second material
Data Source
AI summary
This disclosure provides a crushed lithium battery resource recovery apparatus, which may include a decompaction device. The decompaction device may include: a housing, a first inlet being disposed at a lower portion of the housing, a first outlet being disposed at an upper portion of the housing, a discharging hopper being disposed at a bottom of the housing, and a second outlet being disposed at a bottom end of the discharging hopper; a center barrel disposed in the housing, spirally distributed blades being disposed on periphery of the center barrel; a screen disposed in the housing and disposed between the center barrel and the housing, a third outlet being disposed at an upper portion of the screen, and a second inlet being disposed at a lower portion of the screen; and a driving apparatus connected with the center barrel to drive the center barrel to rotate.