Battery Degassing Device Particle Trap Design
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing degassing systems for high-voltage batteries in motor vehicles face challenges in safely and efficiently discharging gases during thermal runaway, as particles can cause blockages and self-ignition due to uncontrolled deposition at bottlenecks, and rely on active elements that may fail in accidents.
Innovation Solution
A degassing device with a particle trap system that includes a gas space designed as a degassing channel with a larger cross-sectional area than the initial flow path, allowing for controlled particle deposition and separation, and a mechanical labyrinth for additional cooling and separation, eliminating the need for active elements like fans or pumps.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the gas space cross-section is enlarged to prevent particle deposition at bottlenecks, then particle blockage is reduced, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a narrow channel design to a gas space with significantly enlarged cross-sectional area, effectively moving the particle separation function to a different dimensional scale. This dimensional change allows particles to settle out of the gas stream without creating bottlenecks, resolving the contradiction between blockage prevention and device complexity.
2Ease of operation
If active elements like fans or pumps are used to guide battery exhaust gas, then gas discharge control is improved, but reliability in accident conditions deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The system eliminates active control elements and relies on passive physical principles (pressure gradients, gravity-driven particle separation) to achieve gas discharge. The enlarged gas space automatically separates particles from gas without requiring external power or control systems, ensuring reliability during accidents while maintaining adequate gas discharge functionality.
3Temperature
If gas expands into a free space for cooling, then temperature reduction is achieved, but particle deposition in flow paths increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the particle separation function from the gas cooling process by providing a dedicated enlarged gas space where particles can be removed from the gas stream before the gas exits. This separation allows cooling to occur without the harmful side effect of particle deposition blocking flow paths.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures safe and efficient gas discharge by reducing particle deposition at unintended locations, preventing blockages and self-ignition, while maintaining functionality even in the event of an accident without relying on active components.
Implementation Method 1
a first flow path from the at least one first gas space into the particle trap device, the cross-section of which is larger within at least one area of the particle trap device than in the at least one first gas space
Implementation Method 2
the cross-section of which is larger within at least one area of the particle trap device than in the at least one first gas space
Implementation Method 3
a mechanical labyrinth for additional cooling and separation
Data Source
AI summary
A degassing device for discharging gases from a battery for a motor vehicle, which battery includes at least one first battery cell with an at least releasable first degassing opening. The degassing device has at least one first gas space which can be fluidically coupled to the releasable first degassing opening of the at least one first battery cell, so that gas exiting the degassing opening can be introduced into the at least one first gas space, and has a particle trap device for separating particles from the gas flowing through the particle trap device. The particle trap device is fluidically connected to the at least one first gas space.