Nondestructive Lithium-Ion Battery Degradation Analysis via Reference Electrode

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for analyzing lithium ion battery cells struggle to nondestructively obtain information about the usage regions of individual electrodes, making it difficult to determine their degradation and capacity changes without disassembling the cell or using a reference electrode, which can alter electrochemical characteristics.

Innovation Solution

An apparatus with a sensing unit to measure full-cell open circuit voltage and current, and a control unit that estimates electrode usage regions and calculates capacity changes based on state of health (SOH) data, allowing for nondestructive determination of positive and negative electrode capacities without a reference electrode.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a reference electrode is inserted to obtain electrode usage region information, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity and reliability deteriorate due to manufacturing difficulties and altered electrochemical characteristics

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode usage region informationVSAvoidelectrochemical characteristics
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces a reference electrode as an intermediary element to enable precise measurement of electrode usage regions. The reference electrode serves as a mediator that allows comparison of electric potentials between positive and negative electrodes without directly interfering with their electrochemical reactions, thus achieving measurement precision while minimizing impact on reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent segments the battery cell into three distinct electrodes (positive electrode, negative electrode, and reference electrode) to enable independent measurement of each electrode's usage region. This segmentation allows for separate potential measurements and capacity calculations for each electrode, providing detailed degradation information without requiring cell disassembly

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Measurement precision

If a reference electrode is inserted to obtain electrode usage region information, then measurement precision is improved, but ease of manufacture deteriorates due to manufacturing complexity

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrode usage region informationVSAvoidbattery cell manufacturing
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The reference electrode is incorporated during the preliminary manufacturing stage of the battery cell, rather than being added later through disassembly. This preliminary action integrates the reference electrode into the cell structure from the beginning, simplifying the overall manufacturing process and avoiding complex post-manufacturing modifications while maintaining measurement precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Ease of operation

If conventional nondestructive analysis is used, then ease of operation is improved, but measurement precision deteriorates due to inability to obtain individual electrode information

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenondestructive analysisVSAvoidelectrode usage region information
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The reference electrode acts as a mediator that enables precise measurement of individual electrode potentials while maintaining the nondestructive nature of the analysis. By providing a stable reference potential, it allows the system to calculate usage regions for each electrode without disassembling the cell, thus preserving ease of operation while achieving high measurement precision

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentEP3598156B1Apparatus and method for acquiring degradation information of lithium-ion battery cell
Publication Date: 2023.04.26 LG ENERGY SOLUTION LTD
  • EP3598156B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3598156B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3598156B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

Provided are an apparatus and method of obtaining degradation information of a lithium ion battery cell. The apparatus according to an embodiment estimates a first positive electrode usage region related to a first state of health of the lithium ion battery cell. The apparatus estimates a second positive electrode usage region related to a second state of health of the lithium ion battery cell. Then, the apparatus calculates an amount of change of maximum storage capacity of a positive electrode of the lithium ion battery cell with respect to a usage period from the first state of health to the second state of health, based on the first positive electrode usage region and the second positive electrode usage region.