Battery Distribution Controller for Selective Bank Management
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Solution Overview
Problem
Battery systems in energy storage systems degrade rapidly due to repeated charging and discharging, leading to reduced capacity and output voltage, necessitating a method to slow down this degradation process.
Innovation Solution
A battery system with a distribution controller that prioritizes charging and discharging based on the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of each battery bank, selectively performing operations while pausing others, and using DC/DC converters to manage the charging and discharging process, with update periods adjusted according to temperature and target charging/discharging amounts.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If multiple battery banks are connected in parallel to form a large capacity energy storage system, then the capacity and output of the energy storage system are increased, but the degradation speed of the battery systems increases due to repeated charging and discharging
Solution Approach 1:
The battery system is divided into multiple independent battery banks (first battery bank, second battery bank, etc.), each managed separately by the distribution controller. This segmentation allows selective charging and discharging of individual banks based on their state of charge and state of health, preventing simultaneous operation that would accelerate degradation while maintaining the aggregate capacity of the system.
2Speed
If charging and discharging operations are performed on all battery banks simultaneously, then the system responds faster to power demands, but the degradation of each battery bank accelerates
Solution Approach 1:
The distribution controller selectively activates only the necessary number of battery banks based on the current power demand and the state of each bank. Instead of operating all banks simultaneously, it performs partial action by choosing which banks to charge or discharge, thereby meeting the power demand while reducing the cumulative degradation stress on the battery system.
3Adaptability or versatility
If battery banks with different numbers of cells are connected in parallel, then the system becomes more flexible in configuration, but the control complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The distribution controller acts as an intermediary that manages the interface between battery banks with different configurations. It monitors the state of charge and state of health of each bank individually and performs cell balancing operations to ensure compatibility and safe operation, thereby enabling flexible configuration without proportionally increasing control complexity.
Data Source
AI summary
A battery system includes: a plurality of battery banks connected in parallel with each other; and a distribution controller coupled to the battery banks and configured to: receive a command comprising a target charging/discharging amount; determine a priority order between the battery banks based on a state of charge (SOC) and a state of health (SOH) of each of the battery banks; select at least some of the battery banks to be charged or discharged according to the target charging/discharging amount based on the priority order; and perform a charging or discharging on the at least some of the battery banks according to the target charging/discharging amount so that others of the battery banks are paused.