Battery Cabinet Door Venting for Fire Gas Pressure Relief
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Energy storage systems face the risk of explosion due to internal pressure increases caused by gases generated during fires, and existing venting mechanisms are insufficient to prevent rapid pressure buildup.
Innovation Solution
An energy storage system with a housing, battery modules, a rotating door, a measurement unit for real-time environmental monitoring, and a control unit that opens the door when predetermined limit values for temperature, gas concentration, or pressure are exceeded.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If a vent is used to discharge internal gas, then gas discharge is enabled, but the discharge amount is limited and cannot prevent rapid pressure increase
Solution Approach 1:
The door opens automatically when gas concentration, temperature, or pressure reaches predetermined thresholds, performing the pressure relief action before explosion occurs. The control unit monitors environmental values continuously and triggers door opening in advance of catastrophic failure.
Solution Approach 2:
The door transitions from a static closed state to a dynamic open state based on real-time environmental conditions. The system dynamically adjusts the door position (closed or open) according to the measured gas concentration, temperature, and pressure levels, enabling adaptive pressure management.
2Speed
If the door is opened immediately when limit value is exceeded, then pressure relief is rapid, but false alarms may occur due to temporary fluctuations
Solution Approach 1:
The system applies a time delay buffer before triggering door opening, cushioning against temporary fluctuations that would cause false alarms. This preliminary cushioning period allows transient variations to settle while maintaining readiness to open the door if the hazardous condition persists.
Solution Approach 2:
The control unit continuously monitors environmental values and uses feedback from the measurement unit to determine whether to open the door. The system compares real-time measurements against predetermined limits and adjusts door state based on this feedback loop, ensuring reliable control.
3Reliability
If a door lock unit is added to maintain closed state, then security is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The door lock unit operates automatically based on control unit signals, locking the door closed under normal conditions and unlocking when hazardous conditions are detected. The system serves itself by autonomously managing the lock state without requiring manual intervention, maintaining security while enabling emergency release.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively prevents cabinet explosions by automatically opening the door in response to hazardous conditions, thereby releasing internal gases and reducing pressure before it becomes dangerous.
Implementation Method 1
The door actuator may include a gas spring of which one end and the other end are disposed on the door and the housing, respectively, and rotate.
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
An energy storage system includes a housing including an opening formed therein and an accommodation space disposed therein; a plurality of battery modules accommodated in the accommodation space; a door coupled to the housing and rotating and configured to open and close the opening; a measurement unit configured to derive an environmental value by measuring at least one of temperature, gas concentration, or pressure of the accommodation space in real time; and a control unit configured to compare the environmental value derived from the measurement unit with a predetermined limit value, wherein the control unit may be configured to open the door when the environmental value is determined to exceed the limit value.