Battery Cell Dual-Path Venting for Thermal Runaway Emissions
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery technologies face safety challenges due to the risk of thermal runaway, where high-temperature and high-pressure emissions can cause structural damage and further safety issues if not managed effectively.
Innovation Solution
A battery design incorporating a pressure relief mechanism with dual pathways and balance valves to safely discharge emissions, ensuring simultaneous discharge through two pathways and preventing accumulation, thereby enhancing safety by reducing thermal diffusion and structural damage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a single pathway is provided for discharge, then the structure is simple, but the discharging rate is insufficient and emissions may break through structures causing safety problems
Solution Approach 1:
The single discharge pathway is segmented into two separate pathways: a first pathway that discharges emissions into the electrical cavity and a second pathway that discharges emissions directly out of the electrical cavity. This segmentation increases the total discharging capacity while distributing the thermal load across multiple routes, preventing any single structure from being overwhelmed by high-temperature emissions.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If emissions are discharged into the electrical cavity through one pathway, then the pathway structure is simple, but thermal accumulation may occur causing thermal diffusion
Solution Approach 1:
Balance valves are introduced as intermediary control devices that regulate the flow of emissions through each pathway. The first balance valve controls emissions entering the electrical cavity, while the second balance valve controls emissions exiting the cavity. These intermediaries prevent thermal accumulation by ensuring balanced discharge through both pathways, thereby preventing thermal diffusion to surrounding components.
3Reliability
If the pressure relief mechanism discharges emissions with high power, then the pressure relief effect is strong, but the destructive force may break through structures around the pathway
Solution Approach 1:
The high-power pressure relief discharge is segmented into two separate pathways, each handling a portion of the total emission flow. This divides the destructive force of the emissions across multiple structural routes rather than concentrating it on a single pathway, reducing the likelihood of any one structure being breached while maintaining overall pressure relief effectiveness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The dual pathway and valve system effectively manages high-temperature and high-pressure emissions, improving battery safety by ensuring timely and efficient discharge, reducing the risk of structural damage and thermal diffusion within the battery.
Implementation Method 1
when thermal runaway or other abnormal conditions occur in the battery cell, high-temperature and high-pressure emissions generated inside the battery cell are discharged towards the direction in which the pressure relief mechanism is provided
Implementation Method 2
The first balance valve and the second balance valve can discharge the emissions passing through the first pathway and the second pathway out of the box to avoid thermal diffusion arising from the accumulation of the emissions in the box
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of the present application provide a battery, comprising: a box comprising an electrical cavity; a battery cell accommodated in the electrical cavity, a first wall of the battery cell being provided with a pressure relief mechanism; a first pathway and a second pathway, the first pathway and the second pathway being configured to be capable of communicating with an interior of the battery cell via the pressure relief mechanism when the pressure relief mechanism is actuated, wherein the first pathway is used to discharge emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism into the electrical cavity, and the second pathway is used to discharge the emissions discharged from the pressure relief mechanism out of the electrical cavity; a first balance valve for discharging emissions passing through the first pathway out of the box; and a second balance valve for discharging emissions passing through the second pathway out of the box.