Battery Electrode Pore Structure for Lithium Plating Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium batteries experience safety hazards due to untimely electrolyte solution flowback, leading to local lithium plating on electrode plates, especially in large batteries, which affects cycle stability and capacity retention.
Innovation Solution
Adjusting the pore diameters and distributions of positive and negative electrode plates, along with controlling the viscosity of the electrolyte solution, to enhance liquid retention capability, ensuring strong interaction forces between the electrodes and electrolyte, thereby reducing electrolyte overflow and promoting timely flowback.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If the battery volume is increased to achieve higher capacity, then the battery capacity is improved, but the electrolyte solution cannot flow back in a timely manner due to larger distance, resulting in local lithium plating and safety hazards
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies porous materials by optimizing the pore structure of electrode plates with specific pore diameters (50-2000 nm) and pore volume ratios (10-50%). The porous structure enables capillary action to draw electrolyte solution back to electrode plates during charging, ensuring timely flowback even in large-volume batteries and preventing lithium plating while maintaining high capacity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes physical parameters by controlling pore diameter (50-2000 nm), pore volume ratio (10-50%), and electrolyte viscosity (0.5-5 mPa·s) to satisfy the inequality relationship. These parameter optimizations enable the electrode plates to retain electrolyte solution effectively while ensuring timely flowback in large-capacity batteries, resolving the contradiction between capacity and reliability
2Ease of operation
If the pore diameter of electrode plates is increased to improve electrolyte penetration, then the electrolyte can reach electrode plates more easily, but the liquid retention capability is reduced, causing electrolyte to be squeezed out during charging
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs porous materials with optimized pore diameter (50-2000 nm) and pore volume ratio (10-50%) that balance penetration and retention. The capillary forces in these porous structures enable electrolyte to penetrate during discharging while retaining it during charging, preventing both insufficient penetration and excessive loss
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes physical parameters including pore diameter (50-2000 nm), pore volume ratio (10-50%), and electrolyte viscosity (0.5-5 mPa·s) to satisfy the inequality relationship. This parameter control enables the electrode plates to achieve both good electrolyte penetration during discharging and effective retention during charging, preventing electrolyte loss while ensuring adequate penetration
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach improves battery cycle stability, retains high capacity, and extends battery life by preventing lithium plating and ensuring safe operation.
Implementation Method 1
pore diameters and respective pore diameter distributions of a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate are adjusted... to ensure that the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate have a strong liquid retention capability for the electrolyte solution
Data Source
AI summary
A battery includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, an electrolyte solution, and a separator between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. The positive electrode plate includes a positive current collector and a positive material layer disposed on the positive current collector. The negative electrode plate includes a negative current collector and a negative material layer disposed on the negative current collector. The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are configured to have a strong liquid retention capability for the electrolyte solution that can reduce the occurrence of lithium plating during charging.