Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolyte Composition for CO2 Pressure Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium ion batteries experience continuous increases in internal pressure due to gas generation from the decomposition of the electrolytic solution, leading to potential safety issues.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a positive electrode mixture with active lithium and a solvent containing a carboxylic acid ester in a volume fraction of 40% or more, which allows for the fixation of carbon dioxide gas at the electrodes, thereby alleviating internal pressure increases.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the electrolytic solution is used in a lithium ion battery, then the battery can operate and provide energy storage, but gas is generated from decomposition of the electrolytic solution causing continuous increase in internal pressure
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the harmful effect of CO2 gas generation into a beneficial fixation reaction. By adding specific additives (0.01-5% by weight relative to electrolytic solution) to the electrolytic solution, the generated CO2 gas reacts with these additives to form solid compounds, transforming the harmful gas generation into a useful gas fixation mechanism that prevents pressure buildup while maintaining battery operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolytic solution by introducing specific additives with controlled concentrations (0.01-5% by weight). This parameter modification enables the electrolytic solution to not only maintain its original function but also acquire the additional capability of fixing CO2 gas through chemical reactions, thereby resolving the pressure increase issue.
2Object-generated harmful factors
If the solvent contains a carboxylic acid ester in a volume fraction of 40% or more, then carbon dioxide gas can be fixed at the electrodes, but the composition ratio of the solvent changes
Solution Approach 1:
The patent specifies a precise volume fraction range (40% or more) for carboxylic acid ester in the solvent to optimize the balance between CO2 fixation capability and composition stability. This parameter control ensures sufficient CO2 fixation while maintaining the electrolytic solution's chemical stability and operational performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolytic solution system combining multiple components: carboxylic acid ester (40%+ volume fraction), other solvents, lithium salts, and additional additives (0.01-5% by weight). This composite formulation synergistically achieves both CO2 fixation and composition stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed configuration effectively reduces the increase in internal pressure by fixing carbon dioxide gas at the electrodes, thereby enhancing the safety and performance of lithium ion batteries.
Implementation Method 1
The carbon dioxide gas can be dissolved in a solvent (electrolytic solution)
Implementation Method 2
a part of the carbon dioxide gas dissolved in the electrolytic solution can be reacted with, for example, lithium (Li) or the like to be changed to a solid compound
Implementation Method 3
By the presence of a specific amount or more of the active Li in the positive electrode, the fixation of carbon dioxide gas in the positive electrode can be promoted
Implementation Method 4
By the presence of a specific amount of amorphous carbon on the surface of the negative electrode active material, the fixation of carbon dioxide gas in the negative electrode can be promoted
Data Source
AI summary
The lithium ion battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolytic solution. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode mixture. The positive electrode mixture contains a positive electrode active material and active lithium. A mass fraction of the active lithium with respect to a total of the positive electrode active material and the active lithium is 0.25% or more. The electrolytic solution contains a solvent and a lithium salt. The solvent contains a carboxylic acid ester in a volume fraction of 40% or more.