Lithium Battery Electrolyte Composition With Flame-Retardant Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing lithium-ion batteries face flammability issues due to the use of flammable solvents in their electrolyte solutions, and current flame retardants often negatively impact electrochemical performance and conductivity.
Innovation Solution
Incorporation of the oxygen-containing brominated flame retardant 4-bromomethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one into nonaqueous electrolyte solutions for lithium batteries, which is miscible and electrochemically stable, maintaining battery performance while suppressing flammability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional flame retardants are added to electrolyte solutions, then flammability is suppressed, but electrochemical performance and conductivity deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by modifying the chemical structure of flame retardants to include oxygen-containing groups (such as carbonyl, carboxyl, or hydroxyl groups) in addition to bromine atoms. This structural parameter change enables the flame retardant to maintain electrochemical stability while providing effective flame suppression, thus resolving the contradiction between flammability suppression and electrochemical performance maintenance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite materials by combining bromine-containing flame-retardant groups with oxygen-containing functional groups in a single molecule (e.g., 4-bromomethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one). This composite molecular structure integrates both flame-retardant properties from the bromine and electrochemical stability from the oxygen-containing groups, effectively resolving the performance contradiction.
2Reliability
If flame retardants are incorporated into electrolyte solutions, then fire safety is improved, but battery performance and conductivity are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the flame retardant by incorporating oxygen-containing functional groups that are electrochemically stable and compatible with battery operation. This parameter modification allows the flame retardant to enhance fire safety without adversely affecting battery performance or conductivity, as the oxygen-containing groups maintain compatibility with the electrochemical environment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses flame retardant molecules that are designed to be stable throughout the battery's operational life, effectively treating them as permanent additives rather than temporary solutions. These molecules maintain their flame-retardant and electrochemical stability properties throughout the battery cycle, ensuring sustained fire safety without performance degradation.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If existing flame retardants are used, then flammability is reduced, but solubility and electrochemical stability are compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates composite molecular structures that integrate bromine-containing flame-retardant moieties with oxygen-containing functional groups (such as dioxolan-2-one rings). This composite design ensures that the molecule possesses both flame-retardant capability from the bromine and electrochemical stability and solubility from the oxygen-containing groups, effectively resolving the contradiction between flammability reduction and compositional stability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the chemical parameters of flame retardants by introducing oxygen-containing functional groups that enhance solubility in electrolyte solvents and provide electrochemical stability. These parameter changes enable the flame retardant to maintain its fire-suppressing function while being stable and soluble in the electrolyte environment, eliminating the trade-off between flammability reduction and compositional stability.
Data Source
AI summary
This invention provides nonaqueous electrolyte solutions for lithium batteries. The nonaqueous electrolyte solutions comprise a liquid electrolyte medium; a lithium-containing salt; 4-bromomethyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-one, and at least one electrochemical additive.