High-Voltage Battery Electrolyte Composition for Floating Charge Stability
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries face challenges in increasing energy density while reducing side reactions and improving safety, particularly at high voltages, which affects their floating charge and cycling performance.
Innovation Solution
An electrolyte composition including ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, ethylene carbonate, and propylene carbonate, with specific mass percentages and ratios, along with additional components like fluoroethylene carbonate, sultone compounds, multi-nitrile compounds, and boron-containing lithium salts, is used to enhance the stability and performance of lithium-ion batteries at high voltages.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Use of energy by moving object
If the voltage of lithium-ion batteries is increased to improve energy density, then the energy density is improved, but side reactions increase and safety problems occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a film-forming substance as an intermediary that mediates between the electrolyte and the positive electrode. This substance forms a protective film on the electrode surface, preventing direct contact and harmful side reactions between the electrolyte and electrode at high voltages, thus enabling safe operation at elevated voltages while maintaining high energy density
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by specifying precise mass percentages of ethyl propionate (10-30%), propyl propionate (10-30%), ethylene carbonate (30-60%), and propylene carbonate (10-40%). This parameter optimization ensures the electrolyte maintains stability and forms protective films at high voltages, reducing side reactions while preserving energy density
2Use of energy by moving object
If the voltage of lithium-ion batteries is increased to improve energy density, then the energy density is improved, but safety problems occur
Solution Approach 1:
The film-forming substance acts as a safety intermediary that forms a protective barrier on the positive electrode surface. This film prevents direct harmful interactions between the electrolyte and electrode at high voltages, eliminating safety hazards while allowing the battery to operate at elevated voltages for high energy density
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the potentially harmful high voltage conditions into a beneficial state by using the high voltage to drive the formation of a stable protective film. This film then protects the electrode from further harmful reactions, transforming the high voltage stress into a safety mechanism that enables both high energy density and reliable operation
3Ease of manufacture
If conventional electrolyte compositions are used at high voltage, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but floating charge performance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the concentration parameters of electrolyte components, specifically setting ethyl propionate at 10-30%, propyl propionate at 10-30%, ethylene carbonate at 30-60%, and propylene carbonate at 10-40%. These parameter adjustments enhance floating charge performance by promoting stable film formation and reducing electrolyte decomposition, while maintaining straightforward manufacturing processes
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system combining four different substances with complementary properties. The carboxylic esters (ethyl and propyl propionate) provide film-forming capabilities, while the cyclic carbonates (ethylene and propylene carbonate) provide solvation and stability. This composite approach enhances floating charge performance through synergistic effects while keeping the formulation simple to manufacture
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed electrolyte significantly improves the floating charge performance and cycling stability of lithium-ion batteries at high voltages by reducing side reactions and enhancing the stability of the electrolyte system, thereby improving the overall energy density and safety of the batteries.
Implementation Method 1
The electrolyte includes ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, ethylene carbonate, and propylene carbonate... significantly improve floating charge performance of electrochemical apparatuses at high voltage
Data Source
AI summary
An electrolyte includes ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, ethylene carbonate, and propylene carbonate, where based on a total mass of the electrolyte, a mass percentage of ethyl propionate is a %, a mass percentage of propyl propionate is b %, a mass percentage of ethylene carbonate is c %, and a mass percentage of propylene carbonate is d %, where 20≤a+b≤50, 0<c/d<1, and 15≤c+d≤50. The electrolyte significantly improves floating charge performance of electrochemical apparatuses at high voltage.