Battery Electrolyte Composition for Gap Filling and Lithium Deposition Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries with poor electrolyte wettability suffer from reduced cycling performance and safety issues due to incomplete filling of electrolyte solution in battery gaps, leading to lithium deposition during charging.
Innovation Solution
A battery design with an electrolyte solution having a contact angle ≥60°, incorporating a nitrogen-containing compound and a non-aqueous organic solvent, which improves wettability on electrode plates and separators, and a specific positive and negative electrode plate structure to enhance fluidity and filling within the battery.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional liquid electrolyte solution is used, then the battery structure is simple, but the electrolyte solution has poor wettability resulting in incomplete filling of gaps and reduced cycling performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte solution by incorporating specific additives (lithium fluoroacetate and cyclic carbonate esters) to enhance wettability. This changes the surface tension and interfacial properties of the electrolyte, enabling complete filling of gaps between electrodes and separator, thereby improving cycling performance without fundamentally altering the battery structure.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte solution by combining conventional lithium salt and solvent components with specific additive compounds (lithium fluoroacetate and cyclic carbonate esters). This composite formulation synergistically improves both wettability and electrochemical performance, resolving the contradiction between maintaining simple battery structure and achieving reliable cycling performance.
2Reliability
If conventional liquid electrolyte solution is used, then the battery manufacturing process is simple, but lithium deposition occurs during charging resulting in safety problems
Solution Approach 1:
The patent adjusts the chemical parameters of the electrolyte solution by adding lithium fluoroacetate and cyclic carbonate esters, which modify the decomposition potential and interfacial properties. This prevents lithium deposition during charging by creating a more stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI), thereby improving safety performance while maintaining relatively simple manufacturing processes.
Solution Approach 2:
The additive compounds act as intermediaries between the lithium ions and the electrode surfaces, facilitating smoother ion transport and preventing direct lithium plating. These intermediary substances form protective interface layers that eliminate safety hazards associated with lithium deposition while keeping the overall battery system simple.
3Reliability
If electrolyte solution has poor wettability, then the electrolyte solution formulation is simple, but gaps are not fully filled resulting in reduced cycling performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent specifically modifies the wettability parameters of the electrolyte solution by incorporating lithium fluoroacetate and cyclic carbonate esters. These additives reduce surface tension and improve capillary action, ensuring complete penetration into micropores and gaps between electrodes and separator. This resolves the contradiction by achieving reliable cycling performance through targeted compositional adjustments rather than complex structural modifications.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Significantly improves cycling and safety performance by ensuring complete electrolyte filling, reducing the risk of lithium deposition and enhancing low-temperature discharge capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
the electrolyte solution has high wettability for a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator
Implementation Method 2
A liquid electrolyte solution in a battery is dispersed in various gaps of a separator, an electrode plate, and a battery housing
Implementation Method 3
Cations in nitrogen-containing compound provided in the present disclosure can reduce surface tension of the electrolyte solution, increase the contact angle of the electrolyte solution, and significantly improve wettability
Implementation Method 4
its main function is to transfer lithium ions
Implementation Method 5
The nitrogen-containing compounds can further form an SEI film on a surface of a negative electrode
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed is a battery. And the present disclosure pertains to the field of battery technologies. The battery includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, a separator, and an electrolyte solution, where the electrolyte solution has a contact angle θ≥60°. In the present disclosure, the contact angle of the electrolyte solution is increased, so that the electrolyte solution of the battery achieves high wettability for the positive electrode plate, the negative electrode plate, and the separator, so as to significantly improve cycling performance and safety performance of the battery.