Lithium-Ion Battery Electrolyte Additive for High-Voltage Gas Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries with high energy density face issues such as gas production and increased interface impedance due to parasitic reactions between the electrode and electrolyte solution, leading to battery expansion and shortened service life, especially under high voltage conditions.
Innovation Solution
An electrolyte solution for lithium-ion batteries containing a 6-membered heterocyclyl carboxylic anhydride additive forms a film on the positive electrode surface, inhibiting deterioration reactions and gas production, thereby improving high-temperature stability and cycle performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If fluorine-containing solvent is used to increase oxidative decomposition potential, then high-voltage stability is improved, but HF release damages electrode particles and shortens battery service life
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the harmful fluorine element from the electrolyte solvent molecule, replacing it with hydrocarbon groups. This eliminates the source of HF release while maintaining the high oxidative decomposition potential through alternative molecular结构设计, thus resolving the contradiction between voltage stability and service life
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the solvent by using specific hydrocarbon-containing compounds with controlled carbon chain lengths and structures. This parameter adjustment maintains the required oxidative resistance while eliminating the harmful fluorine-related side reactions that limit battery lifespan
2Use of energy by moving object
If high-voltage operation is pursued for higher energy density, then battery energy density is improved, but electrolyte solution oxidizes at positive electrode causing gas production and safety hazards
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a novel hydrocarbon-containing solvent as an intermediary substance between the high-voltage positive electrode and the traditional electrolyte system. This intermediary maintains electrical conductivity and ionic transport while resisting oxidation at high potentials, thereby enabling high-energy-density operation without gas production or safety hazards
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The additive enhances the battery's ability to withstand high voltages and temperatures, reducing interface impedance and prolonging the battery's service life by forming a conductive film that blocks detrimental reactions.
Implementation Method 1
the additive represented by formula (1) can preferentially undergo oxidation reaction to form a film at a high-nickel positive electrode interface
Implementation Method 2
the resulting positive electrode film layer has good ion-conductivity and well prevents the interface deterioration reaction between the positive electrode that promotes oxidation reaction and the electrolyte solution
Implementation Method 3
a voltage of above 4.2 V causes the electrolyte solution to be oxidized at the positive electrode
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to an electrolyte solution for a lithium-ion battery. The electrolyte solution includes an organic solvent, a lithium salt, and an additive. The electrolyte solution provided in the present disclosure includes a 6-membered heterocyclyl carboxylic anhydride additive, and can effectively inhibit gas production and the increase of interface impedance in the battery, improve the high-temperature stability of the battery, and prolong the service life of the battery.