Battery Electrolyte Formulation for HF Scavenging and Cycle Life

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing lithium-ion battery electrolytes, particularly those based on lithium hexafluorophosphate, suffer from issues such as hydrofluoric acid (HF) interference, electrode degradation, and capacity reduction due to nickel and manganese dissolution, leading to reduced cycle life and performance.

Innovation Solution

Incorporation of lithium difluoro(bisoxalato) phosphate (LiDFBOP) in a carbonate-based electrolyte solution, along with specific solvent ratios and lithium salts, forms stable interphases and scavenges HF, mitigating nickel and manganese migration, thereby enhancing cycle life and capacity retention.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If lithium hexafluorophosphate is used in the electrolyte, then ionic conduction is achieved, but hydrofluoric acid interference and electrode degradation occur

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecycle lifeVSAvoidhydrofluoric acid interference

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

Lithium difluoro(bisoxalato) phosphate is introduced as an intermediary substance that preferentially reacts with nickel and manganese ions, forming stable complexes and preventing their migration. This mediator protects the electrode from degradation caused by metal ion dissolution while maintaining electrolyte functionality

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the harmful effect of nickel and manganese dissolution into a beneficial outcome by using LiDFBOP to scavenge these metal ions. The degradation products (dissolved metal ions) are transformed from harmful contaminants into stabilized complexes that can be managed within the electrolyte system

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Productivity

If nickel and manganese dissolution is allowed to occur, then battery operation is simplified, but capacity reduction and electrode degradation occur

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebattery operationVSAvoidnickel and manganese dissolution

Core Design Contradiction:

ProductivityVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

Lithium difluoro(bisoxalato) phosphate acts as a complexing agent that binds to nickel and manganese ions, preventing their migration and deposition on electrodes. This intermediary substance enables continuous battery operation by managing metal ion dissolution in situ

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Ease of manufacture

If conventional electrolyte formulation is used, then manufacturing is simple, but capacity retention deteriorates over cycles

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveelectrolyte formulationVSAvoidcapacity retention

Core Design Contradiction:

Ease of manufactureVSDuration of action of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The electrolyte uses a composite formulation combining lithium hexafluorophosphate with lithium difluoro(bisoxalato) phosphate. This composite electrolyte system provides both the ionic conduction of conventional electrolytes and the protective complexing functionality of LiDFBOP, maintaining ease of manufacture while improving capacity retention

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The patent modifies the electrolyte composition by introducing LiDFBOP at specific concentrations (0.1-5 parts by weight per 100 parts electrolyte). This parameter change in the chemical composition transforms the electrolyte's behavior to prevent metal ion migration while maintaining manufacturability

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The electrolyte formulation with LiDFBOP exhibits improved cycle performance and capacity retention by forming stable interphases, reducing HF, and preventing nickel and manganese loss, resulting in enhanced battery longevity and efficiency.

Implementation Method 1

Incorporation of lithium difluoro(bisoxalato) phosphate (LiDFBOP) in a carbonate-based electrolyte solution, along with specific solvent ratios and lithium salts, forms stable interphases

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectInterphase formation:

Implementation Method 2

scavenges HF, mitigating nickel and manganese migration

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectScavenging: Absorption (physical)

Implementation Method 3

mitigating nickel and manganese migration

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectIon migration prevention:

Implementation Method 4

A battery cell includes an electrolyte formulation which provides lithium-ion conduction paths between the anode and the cathode. The electrolyte is an ionic conductor.

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectIonic conduction: Conduction (electrical)

Data Source

PatentUS20250300226A1Electrolyte formulation for batteries

Publication Date: 2025.09.25 GM GLOBAL TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS LLC

AI summary

An electrolyte formulation for a battery is provided. The electrolyte formulation includes a lithium salt in a carbonate-based solution, and lithium difluoro(bisoxalato) phosphate present in the electrolyte formulation in an amount from 0.1 part by weight to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the electrolyte formulation.