Battery Electrolyte Additive for Low-Impedance Interface Films
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electrolytes in secondary batteries face issues such as accelerated decomposition at high temperatures leading to gas generation, swelling, and reduced ion dynamics, resulting in safety hazards and decreased cycle life due to increased impedance and slow ion processes.
Innovation Solution
An electrolyte additive comprising specific compounds that form a stable, low-impedance interface film on the electrode surface, including a first additive with a ring structure, a second additive with P or B atoms, and a third additive that removes water and acid, along with a fourth additive for synergistic decomposition, forming a conductive interface film to enhance ion transport and reduce impedance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If conventional electrolytes are used, then the battery can operate, but at high temperature the electrolyte decomposes rapidly generating gas causing swelling and safety hazards
Solution Approach 1:
The electrolyte additive performs preliminary protective action by forming a stable interface film on the electrode surface before high-temperature decomposition can occur. This pre-formed film acts as a protective barrier that prevents subsequent electrolyte decomposition and gas generation under high-temperature conditions.
Solution Approach 2:
The electrolyte additive acts as an intermediary substance between the electrode and the bulk electrolyte. It forms an interface film that mediates the interaction, preventing direct contact and harmful reactions between the electrode and electrolyte at high temperatures, thereby eliminating gas production.
2Speed
If conventional electrolytes are used, then the battery can function, but ion dynamics are slow leading to increased impedance and reduced cycle life
Solution Approach 1:
The electrolyte additive changes the physical and chemical parameters of the electrode-electrolyte interface by forming a stable interface film. This film modification improves ion dynamics and reduces impedance, enabling faster ion transport while maintaining long-term battery reliability and extended cycle life.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution improves battery cycle performance and reduces gas production by forming a stable interface film that enhances ion transport, reduces internal resistance, and prevents electrolyte decomposition, thereby improving the battery's structural stability and safety.
Implementation Method 1
a stable and low-impedance interface film can be formed on an electrode surface
Implementation Method 2
reactions of the electrolytes on a surface of an electrode material may be accelerated
Implementation Method 3
removing water or acid generated by a reaction in the electrolyte
Implementation Method 4
the above-described third additive may be polymerized on the electrode surface to form long polymer chains
Implementation Method 5
decompose in advance at an early stage of battery formation through a carbon chain ring-opening reaction
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are an electrolyte additive, an electrolyte, and a battery. The electrolyte additive includes a first additive, a second additive, and a third additive. The first additive includes a compound represented by formula 1: where: R1 is selected from C atom or O atom; R2 is selected from R3 is selected from methylene, R4 is selected from and at least one of R2, R3, and R4 contain sulfur atom. The second additive includes at least one of a compound represented by formula 2 or a compound represented by formula 3: where X includes P atom or B atom. The third additive includes a compound represented by formula 4: R-N=C=O formula 4, where R includes at least one of alkyl, O=C=N-substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, O=C=N-substituted cycloalkyl, aryl, or O=C=N-substituted aryl. In this way, a stable and low-impedance interface film may be formed on an electrode surface, reducing impedance and gas production of the battery, and improving cycle performance of the battery.