Secondary Battery Electrolyte Composition for Fast Charging and Low Gas
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing secondary batteries face challenges in achieving both fast charge performance and prolonged service life due to the use of carboxylate compounds that enhance ion transport but cause gas generation and pressure increase, leading to reduced stability.
Innovation Solution
A secondary battery design incorporating a chain carboxylate compound with controlled mass percentage and residual space, combined with film-forming additives, to balance fast charge performance and service life by managing gas generation and internal pressure.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If chain carboxylate compound is added to electrolyte to improve ion transport, then fast charge performance is improved, but gas generation increases and service life deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the electrolyte by introducing specific chain carboxylate compounds (valerate, caproate, enanthate, or caprylate) with controlled mass percentages (5-70% based on total electrolyte mass). This parameter optimization enables the electrolyte to achieve low viscosity for improved ion transport while controlling gas generation through the specific chemical properties of these carboxylate compounds.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite electrolyte system by combining chain carboxylate compounds with other electrolyte components (cyclic carbonates, chain carbonates, and lithium salts). This composite approach allows the electrolyte to exhibit synergistic properties: the chain carboxylate compounds provide low viscosity and high ion mobility, while the other components help stabilize the system and reduce gas generation, thereby improving both fast charge performance and service life.
2Speed
If chain carboxylate compound is used to reduce viscosity, then ion transport rate increases, but gas generation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the mass percentage of chain carboxylate compounds in the electrolyte to a specific range (5-70% of total electrolyte mass). This parameter control ensures that the viscosity is reduced sufficiently to enable high ion transport rates, while the amount of carboxylate compound is limited to prevent excessive gas generation. The specific chain structures (valerate, caproate, enanthate, or caprylate) are selected for their optimal balance between viscosity reduction and gas generation control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design improves ion transport kinetics, reduces gas generation, and maintains internal pressure stability, resulting in enhanced fast charge performance and extended service life of the secondary battery.
Implementation Method 1
the chain carboxylate compound has a low viscosity, which can increase transport rate of metal ions (e.g., lithium ions and sodium ions) of an active material in the electrolyte well and improve the kinetics
Implementation Method 2
the large residual space may provide more space to accommodate gas generated by the cell assembly due to side reactions, reduce an internal pressure of the battery case or maintain the basic stability of the internal pressure
Data Source
AI summary
The present application provides a secondary battery and an electrical apparatus. The secondary battery includes a battery case having an accommodating cavity, a cell assembly disposed in the accommodating cavity, and an electrolyte. The electrolyte contains a chain carboxylate compound, where based on the total mass of the electrolyte, a mass percentage W of the chain carboxylate compound satisfies: 0.03≤W/R≤7. The secondary battery has excellent fast charge performance and long service life.