Battery End Cap Gas Adsorption Chamber for Pressure Rise Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery technologies face challenges in enhancing safety due to inadequate gas adsorption efficiency by adsorbents, which deteriorate when exposed to air before assembly and are compromised by electrolyte contact, leading to reduced performance and potential accidents.
Innovation Solution
A gas adsorption apparatus with a sealed gas adsorption unit containing a sealing element and adsorbent, separated from the electrolyte environment by two layers of separation structures, activates at a first threshold to absorb generated gases, slowing pressure rise and improving safety.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If the adsorbent is exposed to air before assembly, then the adsorbent can be prepared in advance, but the adsorption efficiency deteriorates due to air exposure
Solution Approach 1:
The adsorbent is pre-filled into the sealed chamber during the manufacturing process before the battery assembly is completed. This allows the adsorbent to be in position and ready for operation without being exposed to air during subsequent assembly steps, thereby maintaining both manufacturing ease and adsorption efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The adsorbent is placed within a sealed chamber that maintains an inert or controlled atmosphere, preventing air exposure that would degrade the adsorbent's performance. The sealing structure ensures the adsorbent remains protected until it is needed for gas absorption during battery operation.
2Device complexity
If the adsorbent is not sealed, then the structure is simple, but the adsorption effect is compromised by electrolyte contact
Solution Approach 1:
A sealing element in the form of a flexible membrane or thin film is used to enclose the adsorbent within the chamber. This sealing structure is simple in design but effective in preventing electrolyte contact while allowing the adsorbent to perform its gas absorption function, thus balancing structural simplicity with reliable adsorption performance.
3Device complexity
If gas adsorption is not implemented, then the device is simpler, but safety is reduced due to pressure buildup
Solution Approach 1:
The gas adsorption apparatus is integrated into the battery assembly as a separate, dedicated component (the sealed chamber containing the adsorbent). This extracted subsystem is specifically designed to handle gas absorption, allowing the main battery structure to remain relatively simple while providing enhanced safety through pressure management.
4Ease of operation
If the sealing element allows liquid passage, then gas can pass through easily, but the adsorbent is compromised by electrolyte contact
Solution Approach 1:
The sealing element is constructed from porous material that allows gas molecules to pass through easily while blocking larger liquid molecules (electrolyte). This porous structure provides selective permeability, enabling efficient gas absorption while protecting the adsorbent from liquid contact, thus maintaining both operational ease and adsorbent reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Ensures long-term reliability of gas adsorption, reducing internal pressure buildup and enhancing battery safety by confining the adsorbent within a sealed chamber with a gas-liquid separation function.
Implementation Method 1
the adsorbent is configured to absorb a gas generated by the battery cell in use
Implementation Method 2
the sealing element is configured to allow passage of gas and prevent passage of liquid
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of this application provide a gas adsorption apparatus, an end cap assembly, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device, and relate to the technical field of batteries. The gas adsorption apparatus is applicable to a battery cell, and includes: a main body, containing a chamber; a first pressure relief portion, disposed on the main body, and configured to be actuated when an internal pressure or temperature of the battery cell reaches a first threshold, so as to implement communication between the chamber and an interior of the battery cell; and a gas adsorption unit, disposed in the chamber.