Battery Equalization Circuit Malfunction Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery modules with multiple cells connected in series face voltage non-uniformity issues, which can lead to reduced lifespan and safety concerns, and existing equalization circuits may malfunction, affecting their effectiveness.
Innovation Solution
A sampling detection circuit and method that includes energy storage modules, equalization modules, and resistance modules to detect circuit malfunctions by collecting and analyzing sampled data, determining if the second sampled data of odd-numbered equalization modules is smaller than a threshold, indicating a malfunction in the voltage sampling line.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an equalization circuit is used to solve voltage non-uniformity of battery cells, then the voltage uniformity and safety of the battery module is improved, but the circuit may malfunction and affect the equalization effect
Solution Approach 1:
The equalization circuit is divided into multiple independent equalization modules, each corresponding to a battery cell. Each module includes switching elements and resistance elements that can be independently controlled. This segmentation allows individual module testing and malfunction isolation, improving reliability without requiring complete circuit redesign.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements preliminary detection of circuit malfunctions by controlling switching elements to specific states and measuring voltages before actual equalization operation. The detection circuit checks for open circuits, short circuits, and component failures in advance, ensuring the equalization circuit is functioning properly before critical issues arise.
2Reliability
If multiple equalization modules are used to address voltage differences in battery cells, then the battery module safety is improved, but the difficulty of detecting and measuring circuit malfunctions increases
Solution Approach 1:
The detection circuit measures local voltage characteristics at specific points within each equalization module. By controlling individual switching elements and measuring voltages at specific nodes, the system can identify malfunctions in specific modules without being overwhelmed by the complexity of the entire multi-module circuit.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a detection circuit as an intermediary system that mediates between the equalization modules and the control system. This detection circuit translates complex circuit states into measurable voltage signals, making it easier to identify and locate malfunctions in the equalization circuit.
3Difficulty of detecting and measuring
If voltage sampling is performed to detect circuit malfunctions, then the malfunction detection capability is improved, but the device complexity increases due to additional sampling lines and circuits
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage sampling lines serve dual purposes: they are used for normal voltage monitoring of battery cells during equalization operation, and simultaneously for malfunction detection by measuring specific voltage characteristics when switching elements are in predetermined states. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated detection circuits.
Solution Approach 2:
The detection function is merged with the existing equalization control system. The same control unit that manages equalization operation also performs malfunction detection by analyzing voltage sampling data. The sampling circuit structure is combined with the equalization circuit rather than being completely separate, reducing overall system complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate detection and localization of circuit malfunctions in the sampling detection circuit, ensuring the equalization process is effective and maintaining battery module safety and performance.
Implementation Method 1
one terminal of the switch unit is connected to one terminal of the resistor unit... the first resistance module is disposed between the equalization module and the battery cell... a voltage division coefficient of the odd numbered equalization module is a ratio of a resistance of the resistor unit of the odd numbered equalization module with respect to a sum of the resistance and a resistance of a corresponding one of the plurality of first resistance modules
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3~4
Figure 5A~6A
AI summary
The invention discloses a sampling detection circuit and a method for detecting a circuit malfunction. The method includes: receiving (S210) a detection instruction and controlling a plurality of equalization modules to be turned off in response to the detection instruction; collecting (S210) first sampled data of sampled equalization modules; controlling (S220) odd numbered equalization modules among the sampled equalization modules to be turned on and even numbered equalization modules among the sampled equalization modules to be turned off; collecting (S220) second sampled data of the sampled equalization modules; controlling (S230) the odd numbered equalization modules to be turned off and the even numbered equalization modules to be turned on; collecting (S230) third sampled data of the sampled equalization modules; and determining (S240), according to the first sampled data, second sampled data and third sampled data, a malfunction in a sampling detection circuit and locating the malfunction.