Battery Equalization Circuit Using Resonant Voltage Conversion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Devices with multiple battery cells in series face inefficiencies in voltage equalization, leading to prolonged charging times and reduced battery performance, as existing solutions struggle to effectively balance the charging of battery cells.
Innovation Solution
An equalization circuit that includes converting units, resonant units, and capacitive coupling units to convert direct voltage into alternating voltage in a resonant manner, allowing for efficient charging between battery cells by adjusting voltage levels and optimizing charging currents based on cell voltage differences.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional voltage equalization methods are used, then battery cells can be charged equally, but charging efficiency is low and charging time is long
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies resonant oscillation to the voltage equalization process by using resonant units (LC circuits) that oscillate at specific frequencies. The switching circuits operate at resonance frequency to generate oscillating currents that efficiently transfer energy between battery cells, analogous to mechanical vibration principles where resonant frequencies maximize energy transfer efficiency
Solution Approach 2:
The patent dynamically changes operating parameters including switching frequency, voltage levels, and current magnitude during the equalization process. The resonant frequency and oscillation amplitude are adjusted based on the voltage differences between battery cells, allowing optimal charging efficiency at different stages of equalization
2Speed
If higher charging current is used to improve charging speed, then charging time is reduced, but voltage equalization efficiency deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs dynamic control of the switching circuits that adjust their operation in real-time based on battery cell voltage differences. The resonant switching frequency and duty cycle are modulated dynamically, allowing the system to maintain both high charging speed and effective voltage equalization by adapting parameters to current battery states
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses periodic oscillating currents generated by resonant circuits to charge battery cells. Instead of continuous DC charging, the system applies periodic AC signals at resonant frequencies that naturally facilitate both rapid energy transfer and voltage balancing through the oscillatory charge-discharge cycles of the LC resonant units
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed solution enhances charging efficiency by improving the transfer of electric quantity between battery cells, reducing charging time and extending battery life through effective voltage equalization.
Implementation Method 1
a first resonant unit, configured to receive the first alternating voltage and to convert the first alternating voltage into a second alternating voltage in a resonant manner, in which a magnitude of the second alternating voltage is greater than that of the first alternating voltage
Implementation Method 2
the first resonant unit includes a first inductor and a first capacitor
Implementation Method 3
a first capacitive coupling unit, configured to couple the second alternating voltage to the second converting unit in a capacitive coupling manner
Data Source
Figure 1~2
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AI summary
Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an equalization circuit, a device to be charged and a charging control method. The equalization circuit includes: a first converting unit, configured to receive a direct voltage output by a first battery cell and to convert the direct voltage output by the first battery cell into a first alternating voltage; a first resonant unit, configured to receive the first alternating voltage and to convert the first alternating voltage into a second alternating voltage in a resonant manner, in which a magnitude of the second alternating voltage is greater than that of the first alternating voltage; a first capacitive coupling unit and a second converting unit, in which the first capacitive coupling unit is configured to couple the second alternating voltage to the second converting unit in a capacitive coupling manner, and the second converting unit is configured to convert the second alternating voltage into a first charging voltage for charging a second battery cell.