Battery Equalization Self-Discharge Circuit for Cell Voltage Imbalance
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-rate lithium batteries experience voltage imbalance and safety hazards due to unbalanced cell voltages during long-term storage, necessitating separate circuits for self-discharge and voltage equalization, which are complex and costly.
Innovation Solution
A battery equalization self-discharging circuit that integrates battery self-discharge and voltage equalization functions using a single circuit with microprocessor-controlled discharging loads and switches for each cell, forming a discharging loop to equalize voltages and self-discharge when necessary.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If separate circuits are used for self-discharge and voltage equalization, then each function can be performed independently, but the circuit complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines the self-discharge circuit and voltage equalization circuit into a single integrated circuit. The circuit includes a discharge switch, equalization switch, discharge resistor, and equalization resistor that share common connection nodes with the battery cells, allowing both functions to be performed through selective switching without requiring separate independent circuits.
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated circuit is designed to perform multiple functions: it can discharge the entire battery pack when the discharge switch is activated, and it can perform voltage equalization across individual battery cells when the equalization switch is activated. This multi-functional design eliminates the need for separate dedicated circuits for each function.
2Reliability
If separate circuits are used for self-discharge and voltage equalization, then functional independence is maintained, but manufacturing cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the self-discharge and voltage equalization circuits into a single integrated circuit structure, reducing the total number of components such as switches, resistors, and connection nodes. This consolidation directly reduces manufacturing costs by minimizing component count and assembly complexity while maintaining both safety functions.
Solution Approach 2:
The integrated circuit serves dual purposes as both a self-discharge circuit and a voltage equalization circuit, eliminating the need to manufacture and assemble two separate circuits. This multi-functional approach reduces material costs, assembly costs, and overall manufacturing complexity.
3Quantity of substance
If multiple battery cells are connected in series, then battery capacity increases, but voltage imbalance and safety hazards increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements individual voltage equalization control for each battery cell through dedicated equalization switches and resistors connected to each cell. This allows the circuit to address voltage imbalances locally at each cell level while maintaining the series connection for overall capacity, ensuring that each cell operates within safe voltage parameters.
Solution Approach 2:
The circuit incorporates voltage detection functionality that monitors the voltage of each battery cell and provides feedback control through the microprocessor. When voltage imbalance is detected, the system automatically activates the appropriate equalization switches to discharge overvoltage cells, maintaining voltage balance across all cells in the series connection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The integrated circuit achieves both battery equalization and self-discharge efficiently, reducing component count and cost while ensuring safe operation.
Implementation Method 1
each of the battery cell equalization units includes a discharging load and a switch connected in series
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of the present application relate to a battery equalization self-discharging circuit and an unmanned aerial vehicle. The circuit includes at least two battery cells and at least two battery cell equalization units, wherein the battery cell equalization unit includes a series circuit composed of a discharging load and a switch, its one end is electrically connected to one end of the battery cell, and the other end is connected to the other end of the battery cell; the battery cell connected adjacent to a second electrode of a battery is a third battery cell; the battery equalization unit of the third battery cell includes a third discharging load and a third switch; and the battery equalization circuit further includes a fourth switch and a current detection unit, and a second end of the third discharging load is connected to a second end of the third battery cell.