Battery Dynamic Equalization During Self-Heating Charge Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Non-equalization between battery units in a battery pack due to differences in charging state, impedance, and temperature characteristics leads to reduced capacity and shortened battery life during charging.
Innovation Solution
A battery dynamic equalization apparatus and method that alternately charges and discharges battery packs using a motor controller and DC charging and discharging port to implement self-heating, reducing the capacitance difference between battery packs to a preset threshold.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If battery units are connected in series for charging, then charging capacity is increased, but non-equalization between battery units occurs due to differences in charging state, impedance, and temperature characteristics
Solution Approach 1:
The battery pack is segmented into multiple battery units (first battery unit, second battery unit, etc.) that can be independently managed. The equalization device selectively connects or disconnects specific battery units through switching elements, allowing individual equalization control for each unit while maintaining the series connection for charging, thus resolving the non-equalization problem without sacrificing charging capacity.
Solution Approach 2:
An equalization device is introduced as an intermediary component between the battery units and the charging system. This device includes switching elements that can selectively connect battery units in series or parallel configurations, and equalization circuits that transfer charge between units. The intermediary device manages the equalization process while allowing the main charging system to operate at full capacity.
2Reliability
If equalization is performed between battery units, then battery life is prolonged, but additional control complexity is introduced
Solution Approach 1:
The equalization device utilizes the existing charging current to perform equalization operations without requiring an external equalization power source. During charging, the device selectively directs current to undercharged battery units or transfers charge between units, using the charging process itself to achieve equalization. This self-service approach avoids additional complex power management systems while extending battery life.
Solution Approach 2:
The equalization device is designed to perform multiple functions: it can connect battery units in series for high-voltage charging, in parallel for equalization, or in various combinations thereof. The same switching elements and control logic manage both charging operations and equalization operations, eliminating the need for separate dedicated equalization hardware and reducing overall system complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Dynamic equalization of electric quantity between battery packs during charging improves battery performance and prolongs battery life by maintaining balanced voltage and capacity.
Implementation Method 1
control a bridge arm of the motor controller to alternately charge and discharge the first battery pack and the second battery pack to implement self-heating of the first battery pack and the second battery pack
Data Source
AI summary
A battery dynamic equalization apparatus includes a power battery; a motor controller; a direct-current charging and discharging port; and a controller. The controller is connected to the motor controller and configured to: in a first preset state, charge the power battery by the direct-current charging and discharging port, and control bridge arms of the motor controller to alternately charge and discharge a first battery pack and a second battery pack so as to achieve self-heating of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and allow the absolute value of the difference between the battery level of the first battery pack and the battery level of the second battery pack to be lower than a preset threshold, realizing dynamic equalization of battery levels of the first battery pack and the second battery pack in the self-heating process, thereby improving the battery performance and extending the battery life.