Battery Exhaust Component With One-Way Venting Against Backflow
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery technologies face safety hazards due to the spread of high-temperature smoke during thermal runaway, which can lead to large-area ignition and explosion of battery cells.
Innovation Solution
An exhaust component with a main body part and a one-way guiding part is introduced, featuring an exhaust chamber and ventilation holes. The one-way guiding part allows emissions from the pressure relief mechanism to enter the exhaust chamber while preventing backflow, thereby controlling the discharge of emissions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If ventilation holes are provided on the main body part to allow emissions to enter the exhaust chamber, then the emissions can be directed into the exhaust chamber, but emissions may flow out through other ventilation holes causing backflow and spread
Solution Approach 1:
The ventilation holes are segmented into multiple groups arranged at different positions on the main body part. Each group of ventilation holes is associated with specific battery cell regions, allowing emissions from different areas to be directed to appropriate exhaust chambers while preventing cross-contamination and backflow between different ventilation zones.
Solution Approach 2:
The exhaust chamber acts as an intermediary component between the ventilation holes and the external environment. Emissions from battery cells enter the exhaust chamber through ventilation holes, and the exhaust chamber provides a controlled intermediate space that prevents direct backflow to other battery cell regions, thereby isolating and containing the harmful emissions.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the exhaust component is designed to contain emissions, then the spread of emissions can be reduced, but the structure becomes more complex
Solution Approach 1:
The main body part serves multiple functions: it provides structural support for the battery pack, contains the exhaust chambers, provides ventilation pathways through integrated holes, and acts as a barrier to emission spread. By combining these functions into a single component, the design reduces overall structural complexity while maintaining effective emission containment.
Solution Approach 2:
The exhaust chambers are nested within the main body part structure, with ventilation holes integrated into the same component. This nested arrangement allows the exhaust system to be incorporated within the existing battery pack framework without requiring separate external containment structures, thereby minimizing added complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively reduces the risk of backflow and further spread of emissions within the battery, enhancing safety by preventing large-area thermal runaway and explosion.
Implementation Method 1
The one-way guiding part is configured to allow emissions released by the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell to enter the exhaust chamber through the ventilation holes and is also configured to prevent the emissions within the exhaust chamber from being discharged through the ventilation holes
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an exhaust component, a box, a battery, and an electric device. The exhaust component includes a main body part and a one-way guiding part. The main body part is therein provided with an exhaust chamber, and the main body part is provided with a first surface, wherein the first surface is provided with ventilation holes communicating with the exhaust chamber. The one-way guiding part is arranged on the main body part. The one-way guiding part is configured to allow emissions released by the pressure relief mechanism of the battery cell to enter the exhaust chamber through the ventilation holes and is also configured to prevent the emissions within the exhaust chamber from being discharged through the ventilation holes.