Battery Pack Extinguisher Venting for Cell Fire Cooling
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery pack fire extinguishers often fail to effectively prevent the spread of fire from one cell to surrounding cells due to the lack of ventilation, leading to slow cooling and potential overheating of unaffected cells.
Innovation Solution
A battery pack fire extinguisher with a fire extinguishing agent having through holes aligned with battery cell vents, allowing flames to pass through and ignite the agent, which generates aerosol spray material to extinguish the fire without blocking the flame's path, thereby forming a hole in the top case for rapid cooling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a fire extinguishing agent is positioned vertically above the battery cell to prevent flame, then the flame is extinguished, but holes are not formed in the top case and cooling is delayed
Solution Approach 1:
The fire extinguishing agent bar serves as an intermediary element positioned between the battery cell and top case. It allows the flame to pass through via the through hole while still enabling the agent to be ignited and release extinguishing substance, thus mediating between the need for flame passage and fire suppression
Solution Approach 2:
The fire extinguishing agent bar incorporates a through hole that allows selective passage of the flame while maintaining the structural integrity of the agent. This porous-like structure enables the flame to reach the top case to form cooling holes while still allowing the agent to function
2Temperature
If the top case is allowed to melt and form holes for cooling, then rapid cooling occurs, but the structural integrity of the battery pack is compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The fire extinguishing agent bar is pre-positioned with a through hole aligned with the battery cell vent before any fire occurs. This preliminary arrangement ensures that when fire does occur, the flame can immediately pass through to form holes in the top case for rapid cooling without delaying intervention
3Reliability
If the fire extinguishing agent blocks the flame path to extinguish fire, then fire spread is prevented, but the flame cannot reach the top case to form cooling holes
Solution Approach 1:
The fire extinguishing agent bar has different functional zones: the through hole allows localized flame passage to the top case, while the surrounding agent material provides fire suppression. This local differentiation enables simultaneous flame passage and fire extinguishment functions
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution ensures rapid extinguishment of fires by guiding flames to the extinguishing agent, minimizing heat reflection, and ensuring sufficient combustion time, effectively preventing fire spread and cooling the affected cell.
Implementation Method 1
a flame from the battery cell is guided to the fire extinguishing agent to ignite the fire extinguishing agent
Implementation Method 2
the smoke generated from the fire extinguishing agent, that is, the aerosol spray material, is induced into the battery cell to extinguish the fire
Implementation Method 3
If the top case melts and the hole is formed, outside air may flow in and quickly cool the battery cell
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
AI summary
A battery pack fire extinguisher includes: a plurality of battery cells; a bottom case accommodating the plurality of battery cells; a top case covering the plurality of battery cells and coupled to the bottom case; and a fire extinguishing agent between an inner surface of the top case and one end of one of the plurality of battery cells facing the top case. The fire extinguishing agent has a through hole corresponding to the one of the plurality of battery cells.