Battery Management for Fast Charging Without Lithium Plating
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium plating occurs during fast charging of lithium-ion batteries, leading to degradation and performance issues despite existing electrode designs and charging protocols.
Innovation Solution
A battery managing system determines a target charging value based on internal temperature, electromotive force, state of charge, and rest time to control current or power, using a reduction coefficient to minimize lithium plating.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If fast charge protocol is used to reduce charging duration, then charging speed is improved, but lithium plating occurs causing battery degradation
Solution Approach 1:
The battery management system performs preliminary determination of the target charging value TV before the charging duration begins, using rest time RT and state of charge SOC parameters. This advance calculation allows the charging process to start immediately at the optimal current level without trial-and-error adjustments, preventing lithium plating from the outset while maintaining fast charging speeds.
Solution Approach 2:
The charging system dynamically adjusts the target charging value TV based on real-time parameters including rest time RT, state of charge SOC, internal temperature T, and electromotive force U0. The battery management system continuously monitors these variables and modifies the charging current accordingly, enabling the system to adapt to changing battery conditions during fast charging to prevent lithium plating while maximizing charging speed.
2Reliability
If electrode design is optimized to prevent lithium plating, then battery reliability is improved, but charging duration increases
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes the charging parameter (target charging value TV) based on the rest time RT and state of charge SOC of the battery. By calculating TV = RP × C where C is a reduction coefficient determined from RT and SOC, the system optimizes the charging current to prevent lithium plating while maintaining fast charging speeds, avoiding the need for slower charging protocols.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery management system uses feedback from multiple sensors monitoring internal temperature T, electromotive force U0, state of charge SOC, and rest time RT to continuously adjust the target charging value TV. This closed-loop control ensures lithium plating prevention while maintaining optimal charging speed throughout the charging process.
Data Source
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AI summary
An assembly (14), in particular for a vehicle (10), comprising: - a lithium-ion battery (18) intended to provide a current (16) when in use, to be idle during a rest time RT, or to be charged by receiving a charging current (22) from a charging system (24) during a charging duration, - a battery managing system (20) adapted for controlling the charging current at a target value TV, and configured for determining the target value before the charging duration using at least: a first parameter representative of an internal temperature (T) of the battery, a second parameter representative of an electromotive force (U0) or of a state of charge SOC of the battery, and a third parameter representative of the rest time RT preceding the charging duration.