Battery Fire Extinguishing Capsule With Heat-Triggered Forced Exhaust

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing fire extinguishers for batteries are complicated to install and may not effectively prevent fires and explosions, especially in high-performance battery packs, as they are typically separate from the battery pack and difficult to detect potential risks.

Innovation Solution

A capsule-type fire extinguisher with an extinguishing capsule, a fixing member, and a forced exhaust mechanism using bimetallic metal, shape-memory alloy, or plastic material to automatically destroy the extinguishing capsule and battery upon heat expansion, ensuring early fire prevention and explosion mitigation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If a fire extinguisher is installed separately from the battery pack, then it can be installed independently, but it becomes complicated to install and difficult to detect potential risks

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveIndependent installation capabilityVSAvoidInstallation complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The fire extinguisher is merged with the battery pack structure, where the extinguishing capsule is installed within the battery pack housing and the forced exhaust mechanism is integrated with the battery components. This integration eliminates the need for separate installation while maintaining the fire suppression function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Ease of manufacture

If a fire extinguisher is installed separately from the battery pack, then it can be installed independently, but it becomes difficult to detect potential risks and fires

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveIndependent installation capabilityVSAvoidFire detection difficulty
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The fire detection and suppression system is merged with the battery pack, allowing the temperature sensor and fire extinguisher to work as an integrated unit. This integration enables easier detection of potential risks since the detection system is positioned directly within the battery pack where thermal events originate.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Reliability

If the forced exhaust destroys the extinguishing capsule, then the extinguishing material is discharged to extinguish fire, but the capsule structure must be designed to withstand normal conditions

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveFire suppression reliabilityVSAvoidCapsule structural strength
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The forced exhaust mechanism changes the physical parameters of the capsule by applying localized heat or mechanical force through the bimetallic strip or shape memory alloy, causing the capsule to rupture and discharge the extinguishing material. The capsule is designed to maintain structural integrity under normal temperature and pressure conditions while being susceptible to rupture when exposed to the forced exhaust activation mechanism.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution provides a simple and effective means to prevent battery fires and explosions by automatically activating at elevated temperatures, minimizing damage through early intervention and efficient discharge of extinguishing material.

Implementation Method 1

The forced exhaust is formed with at least one material of a bimetallic metal, a shape-memory alloy, or a plastic material of which a shape is deformed by an electrical signal or heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBimetallic effect: Bi-Metallic Strip

Implementation Method 2

The forced exhaust is formed with at least one material of a bimetallic metal, a shape-memory alloy, or a plastic material of which a shape is deformed by an electrical signal or heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectShape memory effect: Shape Memory Alloy

Implementation Method 3

a plastic material of which a shape is deformed by an electrical signal or heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal deformation: Thermal Expansion

Implementation Method 4

The forced exhaust further includes an elastic support configured to elastically support the support frame

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElasticity: Elasticity

Implementation Method 5

an extinguishing capsule including an extinguishing material configured to extinguish a fire by being externally discharged as being expanded and exploded by external heat

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectThermal expansion: Thermal Expansion

Data Source

PatentEP3789088B1Capsule type fire extinguisher for preventing battery explosion and battery having the fire extinguisher
Publication Date: 2025.11.05 FIREKIM CO LTD
  • EP3789088B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3789088B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP3789088B1 patent drawingFigure 2C~2D

AI summary

A capsule-type fire extinguisher for preventing a battery explosion, and a battery including the capsule-type fire extinguisher are disclosed. The capsule-type fire extinguisher includes an extinguishing capsule including an extinguishing material configured to extinguish a fire by being externally discharged as being expanded and exploded by external heat in an inside thereof, a fixing member configured to fix the extinguishing capsule to the battery, and a forced exhaust provided on one side of the extinguishing capsule and configured to destroy at least one of the extinguishing capsule or the battery.