Battery Pack Fire Protection Composite for Thermal Runaway Containment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current fire protection systems for battery packs are inadequate in preventing the spread of heat and fire from thermal runaway, as ablative compounds are restricted by adhesive layers and lack sufficient stiffness for plastic deformability, leading to limited functionality and increased production costs.
Innovation Solution
A composite fire protection device with a carrier layer, adhesive layer, and fire-protection layer containing ablative compounds, where the fire-protection layer is in direct contact with the battery, utilizing a silicate fiber needle mat as the carrier layer for stiffness and plastic deformability, and ablative compounds like synthetic ettringite and Al(OH)3 for effective heat management.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If an adhesive layer is used to bond the fire protection layer to the battery, then the composite system can be assembled, but the ablative compound is restricted from directly acting on the battery, limiting its fire protection functionality
Solution Approach 1:
The adhesive layer is completely removed from between the fire protection layer and the battery. The fire protection layer with ablative compounds is placed in direct contact with the battery, allowing the ablative compounds to act directly on the battery surface for effective fire protection without the restriction of an adhesive layer.
2Ease of operation
If glass fiber nonwoven is used as the carrier layer, then the composite system can be assembled, but it lacks sufficient stiffness for plastic deformability
Solution Approach 1:
The carrier layer is changed from glass fiber nonwoven to a composite material consisting of a plastic film with a glass fiber fleece on at least one side. This composite structure combines the flexibility and deformability of the plastic film with the stiffness and dimensional stability of the glass fiber fleece, enabling both plastic deformability and sufficient stiffness.
3Reliability
If the fire protection layer is not in direct contact with the battery, then the adhesive layer provides bonding, but the ablative compounds cannot effectively prevent heat and fire spread
Solution Approach 1:
The adhesive layer is removed entirely, allowing the fire protection layer to be in direct contact with the battery. This enables the ablative compounds in the fire protection layer to directly prevent heat and fire spread from thermal runaway without the interference of an adhesive layer.
4Ease of operation
If conventional carrier materials are used, then the composite system can be assembled, but dimensional stability during deformation is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The carrier layer uses a composite material of plastic film with glass fiber fleece that provides both plastic deformability and dimensional stability. The glass fiber fleece embedded in the plastic film maintains the structural integrity and dimensional stability even when the composite system is deformed during installation or operation.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution effectively prevents heat and fire spread from thermal runaway, ensuring the stability of the fire protection device and reducing production costs by enabling direct action of ablative compounds and providing dimensional stability and plastic deformability.
Implementation Method 1
a fire-protection layer (210) which contains at least one ablative compound
Implementation Method 2
utilizing a silicate fiber needle mat as the carrier layer for stiffness and plastic deformability, and ablative compounds like synthetic ettringite and Al(OH)3 for effective heat management
Implementation Method 3
a composite system comprising (a1) a carrier layer (220), (a2) an adhesive layer (230), and (a3) a fire-protection layer (210)
Data Source
AI summary
Fire protection device with composite system, composite system and battery pack with fire protection device.The present application describes a fire protection device comprising(a) a composite system including(a1) a carrier layer,(a2) an adhesive layer, and(a3) a fire protection layer containing at least one ablative-acting compound,and(b) a shell inside which the composite system is arranged.The fire protection device can be used in battery packs, in order to avoid overheating and/or contain a fire in the battery pack.