Battery Fire Suppression Cooling for Thermal Runaway Containment

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional fire suppression systems for energy storage systems lack a structure to cool neighboring batteries after a fire occurs, limiting their ability to quickly respond to and prevent the spread of thermal runaway.

Innovation Solution

A battery fire suppression system that uses a fire extinguishing gas as a refrigerant to cool the fire extinguishing agent, which is then sprayed into battery modules to extinguish fires and cool neighboring batteries, while also spraying extinguishing gas around the battery room to prevent fires.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a conventional fire suppression system simply discharges fire extinguishing agent to extinguish fire, then fire extinguishing function is provided, but cooling function for neighboring batteries is not achieved

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvefire safetyVSAvoidcooling function

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSAdaptability or versatility

Solution Approach 1:

The fire extinguishing agent is designed to serve dual functions: extinguishing fire through chemical inhibition and cooling neighboring batteries through thermal absorption. The system integrates both fire suppression and cooling capabilities into a single agent discharge mechanism, eliminating the need for separate cooling structures.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines the fire extinguishing function and battery cooling function into a single integrated system. The fire extinguishing agent simultaneously performs both roles, merging what would traditionally require separate systems into one unified approach for enhanced fire safety.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Speed

If fire extinguishing agent is discharged without cooling, then quick response is achieved, but thermal runaway spread cannot be prevented

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveresponse speedVSAvoidthermal runaway prevention

Core Design Contradiction:

SpeedVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system changes the thermal parameter of the fire extinguishing agent by selecting agents with high heat absorption capabilities. This parameter change enables the agent to rapidly absorb heat from neighboring batteries, preventing thermal runaway spread while maintaining quick response characteristics.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

3Reliability

If separate cooling structure is added to conventional system, then cooling function is provided, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecooling capabilityVSAvoidsystem structure

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

Inventive Principle:

Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system effectively extinguishes fires and prevents thermal runaway by cooling neighboring batteries and the surrounding area, enhancing fire safety in energy storage systems.

Implementation Method 1

a heat exchanger having, on a first side thereof, a first heat exchange inlet and a second heat exchange inlet and, on a second side thereof, a first heat exchange outlet and a second heat exchange outlet

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 2

the fire extinguishing agent flowing into the heat exchanger through the first heat exchange inlet may be discharged through the first heat exchange outlet in a state of being subjected to heat exchange with the cooling part

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectHeat absorption: Heat Sink

Data Source

PatentUS12491394B2Battery fire suppression system with fire extinguishing agent cooling function

Publication Date: 2025.12.09 ANKUG ENG CO LTD

AI summary

Proposed is a battery fire suppression system with a fire extinguishing agent cooling function, in which a fire extinguishing gas serves as a refrigerant for cooling a fire extinguishing agent and at the same time, the fire extinguishing gas is sprayed into a battery room or a battery module to quickly extinguish a fire in the battery. While allowing the fire extinguishing gas to basically serve as the refrigerant, depending on the amount of combustible materials loaded in the battery room, the shape of battery cells installed inside the battery module, the battery capacity, etc., it is possible to selectively determine whether to allow the fire extinguishing gas to serve only as the refrigerant, or to allow the fire extinguishing gas to be sprayed to the battery module where the fire has occurred to cool the surface of the battery module or directly extinguish the fire in the battery module.