Battery Fire Disconnect Circuit With Controlled Fuse Triggering
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery-powered devices are vulnerable to fire spread from battery-mounted heat, necessitating a method to prevent fire from spreading to these devices.
Innovation Solution
A fire prevention apparatus with a switch, variable resistor, fuse, and sensor system that detects battery fire and controls the resistor and switch to disconnect the battery from the device, using a high current to trigger the fuse and prevent fire spread.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a simple disconnect switch is used to prevent fire spread, then the device complexity is reduced, but the reliability of fire prevention is insufficient because it cannot ensure high current flow to trigger the fuse
Solution Approach 1:
The fire prevention apparatus is divided into distinct functional modules: a sensor module for detecting fire, a control module for decision-making, a variable resistor for current regulation, and a fuse for final disconnection. This segmentation allows each component to perform its specific function reliably while maintaining overall system manageability despite increased complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The variable resistor acts as an intermediary component between the control module and the fuse. It mediates the current flow by adjusting resistance to ensure sufficient current reaches the fuse to trigger it, while preventing excessive current that could cause false triggering or damage. This intermediary function enhances fire prevention reliability without requiring direct high-current switching
2Reliability
If a variable resistor is added to control current flow, then the reliability of fuse triggering is improved, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The variable resistor provides dynamic current control capability, allowing the system to adjust resistance based on real-time conditions. The control module can vary the resistance value to optimize current flow for reliable fuse triggering under different load conditions, while the dynamic adjustment prevents false triggering during normal operation. This dynamic control achieves reliable fire prevention with manageable complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the electrical parameter (resistance) of the variable resistor to control current flow. By adjusting this parameter, the system ensures that sufficient current reaches the fuse to trigger it when needed, while preventing excessive current during normal operation. This parameter control mechanism improves reliability without requiring complex hardware modifications
3Speed
If high current is used to trigger the fuse quickly, then the fire prevention speed is improved, but the risk of false triggering during normal operation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The sensor module continuously monitors conditions and provides feedback to the control module. When fire is detected, the control module adjusts the variable resistor to enable high current flow for rapid fuse triggering. During normal operation, the feedback mechanism ensures current remains below the threshold that would trigger false activation. This feedback control achieves fast fire response while preventing false triggering
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts current levels based on detected conditions. During normal operation, current is limited to safe levels. When fire is detected, the variable resistor is adjusted to allow high current flow for rapid fuse triggering. This dynamic current control enables fast fire prevention while eliminating false triggering risk through condition-based adjustment
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively prevents fire from spreading to battery-powered devices by disconnecting the battery line when fire is detected, using a controller to manage the switch and resistor to ensure high current flow through the fuse.
Implementation Method 1
the fuse may include a fusible element configured to melt when a current equal to or greater than a rated current flows in the second line
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a fire prevention apparatus including a switch connected to a battery through a first line, a variable resistor connected to the switch, a fuse connected to the variable resistor and a second line connecting the battery with a device powered from the battery, a sensor configured to sense information about battery fire, and a controller configured to control the switch and the variable resistor based on the information about the battery fire.