Battery Fire-Extinguishing Case for Rapid Pack Submersion
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Solution Overview
Problem
High voltage batteries in vehicles pose a challenge for fire extinguishing due to the rapid spread of fire within the stacked cell structure, making it difficult for external water to reach and extinguish the fire, and the installation of prefabricated water tanks around the vehicle is cumbersome.
Innovation Solution
A system comprising a fire extinguishing case that accommodates the battery pack, a fire-extinguishing liquid tank, a supply valve, and a controller that automatically supplies fire-extinguishing liquid to submerge the battery in the case when a fire is detected, with optional external water supply if needed.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If water is sprayed from outside the high voltage battery case, then the fire extinguishing action is simple to implement, but the water cannot easily reach the inside of the battery case and the fire cannot be effectively extinguished
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides the fire extinguishing function into two parts: an outer case that is easy to access and an inner fire extinguishing case that actually contacts the battery. The inner case can be separated from the outer case to allow direct application of extinguishing liquid to the battery cells, resolving the contradiction between operational simplicity and extinguishing effectiveness.
Solution Approach 2:
The inner fire extinguishing case acts as an intermediary between the external water source and the battery cells. It receives water from outside and delivers it directly to the battery, enabling both easy external operation and effective internal cooling.
2Reliability
If a prefabricated water tank is installed around the vehicle to submerge the high voltage battery, then the fire can be effectively extinguished by submersion, but it is not easy to install the water tank around the vehicle
Solution Approach 1:
The fire extinguishing system is segmented into a portable inner case that can be installed within the vehicle's existing structure, rather than requiring a large prefabricated tank around the vehicle. This inner case is designed to be integrated into the battery assembly, making installation feasible while maintaining submersion capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The inner fire extinguishing case is nested within or integrated with the battery pack structure. This allows the fire extinguishing function to be incorporated into the existing vehicle battery assembly without requiring separate large-scale installation around the vehicle.
3Quantity of substance
If cells are stacked inside the high voltage battery case, then the battery density and energy storage are improved, but the stacked structure makes it difficult for external water to reach the inside and extinguish the fire
Solution Approach 1:
The system uses an removable inner case that can be separated from the outer case to access the stacked battery cells. This segmentation allows the maintaining of high-density stacked cell configuration while providing a mechanism to directly apply extinguishing liquid to each cell when fire occurs.
Solution Approach 2:
The inner fire extinguishing case is pre-positioned around the battery cells in a ready state. When fire is detected, the inner case can be quickly removed and repositioned to submerge the cells, providing immediate fire suppression without requiring disassembly of the stacked cell structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Effectively extinguishes high voltage battery fires by ensuring the battery is submerged in fire-extinguishing liquid, preventing further fire spread and rapid cooling, even when external water is insufficient.
Implementation Method 1
supply a stored fire-extinguishing liquid to inside of the fire extinguishing case so that a high voltage battery is submerged in the fire-extinguishing liquid
Data Source
AI summary
A system and a method for extinguishing a fire of a high voltage battery for a vehicle, which supply a fire-extinguishing liquid to a fire extinguishing case in a form of a container when a fire occurs in a high voltage battery provided in a vehicle, submerging the high voltage battery in the fire-extinguishing liquid, include a battery cell assembly, a fire extinguishing case to accommodate the battery cell assembly, a fire-extinguishing liquid tank connected to the fire extinguishing case, wherein a fire-extinguishing liquid is stored in the fire-extinguishing liquid tank, a supply valve provided between the fire-extinguishing liquid tank and the fire extinguishing case and configured to supply or block the fire-extinguishing liquid from the fire-extinguishing liquid tank to the fire extinguishing case, and a controller electrically connected to the supply valve and configured to open the supply valve to supply the fire-extinguishing liquid to the fire extinguishing case when the controller concludes that the fire occurs in the battery cell assembly.