Auto-ignition Seal for High-Voltage Battery Fire Suppression
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Solution Overview
Problem
High-voltage batteries in electric vehicles are prone to fires due to internal short-circuits or crashes, and existing solutions lack reliability and redundancy in preventing and containing such fires.
Innovation Solution
A gaseous extinguishing agent system with a pressurized container, auto-ignition mechanism, and control device that opens a seal to displace air and introduce a fire-retarding agent into the battery, ensuring fire prevention and containment even in the event of system failures, using a fuse or temperature sensors for triggering.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a control device is used to open the seal and release the extinguishing agent, then the system can prevent fire incidence and spreading, but the system lacks reliability in case of total failure of the control device or onboard electronics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements an auto-ignition mechanism that serves as a pre-prepared backup system. This mechanism is designed to automatically open the seal and release the extinguishing agent if the control device fails, providing beforehand cushioning against potential failures. The auto-ignition mechanism includes ignition elements positioned to contact the seal upon activation, ensuring fire suppression capability is maintained even when the primary control system fails.
2Reliability
If the extinguishing agent container is kept sealed to prevent escape, then the agent remains contained, but the system cannot respond automatically to fire conditions without electronic control
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs an auto-ignition mechanism that enables the system to activate itself automatically when fire conditions are detected. The ignition elements are positioned such that upon auto-ignition, they directly contact and open the seal, releasing the extinguishing agent without requiring external electronic control. This self-service capability ensures the system can respond autonomously to fire hazards.
3Ease of operation
If the seal is opened electronically via control device, then precise control is achieved, but the system becomes vulnerable to total failure of the board net or onboard electronics
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements an auto-ignition mechanism that serves as a pre-prepared backup system. This mechanism is designed to automatically open the seal and release the extinguishing agent if the control device fails, providing beforehand cushioning against potential failures. The auto-ignition mechanism includes ignition elements positioned to contact the seal upon activation, ensuring fire suppression capability is maintained even when the primary control system fails.
4Reliability
If a gaseous extinguishing agent is used to displace air, then fire prevention and containment are effective, but the system requires rapid deployment capability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent positions the extinguishing agent container and duct system such that the agent is ready for immediate deployment. The container is pre-filled with the gaseous extinguishing agent, and the duct system with discharge openings is pre-configured to direct the agent into the battery interior. When the seal is opened, the agent rapidly displaces the air, achieving effective fire containment with minimal delay.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively prevents and contains fires in high-voltage batteries by displacing oxygen and introducing a fire-extinguishing agent, providing redundancy to function even without the control device, thus ensuring reliable protection against thermal runaway and fire spread.
Implementation Method 1
the gaseous extinguishing agent in the container can flow into the interior of the high-voltage battery, such that any air previously present in the high-voltage battery is displaced. The extinguishing agent may, for instance, be an aerosol, comprising solid or liquid floating particles that have a fire-retarding or a fire-extinguishing effect.
Implementation Method 2
an auto-ignition mechanism that interacts with the seal, which auto-ignites at a certain auto-ignition temperature and opens the seal
Data Source
AI summary
An extinguishing system for a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle, including at least one extinguishing agent container with a gaseous extinguishing agent; a seal for sealing the extinguishing agent container, which prevents an outflow of the extinguishing agent into the interior of the high-voltage battery; a control device interacting with the seal device, designed to open the seal upon the incidence of a triggering signal, thus allowing the extinguishing agent to flow into the interior of the high-voltage battery and to displace any air included therein; an auto-ignition mechanism that interacts with the seal, which auto-ignites at a certain auto-ignition temperature and opens the seal.