Large Capacity Battery System for Frequency Regulation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Large-capacity batteries face challenges in participating in frequency regulation markets due to capacity restrictions and inefficient state of charge (SOC) management, leading to potential SOC deviations beyond allowed limits when used for real-time frequency regulation.
Innovation Solution
A method and system for managing large-capacity batteries in power grid systems, involving calculating expected frequency regulation signals, determining bidding capacity and basic values, and rebidding in day-ahead and real-time markets to maintain SOC within set limits, using an optimization method to maximize profit and prevent SOC deviations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a large-capacity battery is used for frequency regulation in the power grid system, then the reliability and response speed of frequency regulation are improved, but the battery capacity restriction limits its participation in the frequency regulation market
Solution Approach 1:
The battery capacity is segmented into two functional parts: a first capacity dedicated to frequency regulation ancillary service and a second capacity for other uses. This segmentation allows the battery to participate in frequency regulation market while managing capacity constraints by allocating specific portions of total capacity to different functions, thereby resolving the contradiction between maintaining reliability and managing limited capacity.
2Speed
If the battery SOC is continuously adjusted for real-time frequency regulation, then the frequency regulation response speed is improved, but the SOC may exceed the battery charge/discharge allowance level
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary actions by calculating expected frequency regulation signals in advance and determining optimal bidding capacities and basic values before real-time operation. The operational schedule is predetermined based on day-ahead market results, which prevents SOC from exceeding allowance levels during real-time frequency regulation while maintaining fast response capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The system implements feedback control by continuously monitoring the battery SOC and comparing it with the operational schedule. When SOC deviates from the scheduled range, the system adjusts the basic value and bidding capacity in real-time to bring SOC back within acceptable limits, thereby maintaining both fast response and SOC reliability.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the battery operates without an operational schedule, then the flexibility in responding to frequency regulation signals is improved, but the SOC management becomes inefficient and economically suboptimal
Solution Approach 1:
The system combines dynamic adaptability with scheduled operation by allowing real-time adjustments to the basic value and bidding capacity based on actual frequency regulation signals and SOC status. The operational schedule provides a structured framework that is dynamically adjusted through feedback control, maintaining both flexibility and operational efficiency.
Data Source
AI summary
A large capacity battery system for managing a large capacity battery used for power system frequency regulation and a large capacity battery operation method are provided. The method may include the steps of: calculating an estimated frequency regulation signal for the next day using history information of past frequency regulation signals; calculating a bidding capacity and a basic value for the large capacity battery, matched to the estimated frequency regulation signal; and determining an operation plan using the calculated bidding capacity and basic value; bidding the bidding capacity and basic value for the large capacity battery according to the operation plan on the day-ahead frequency regulation market.