Lithium Battery Gas-Capturing Layer for Fast-Charge Swelling Control

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing rechargeable lithium batteries face challenges in achieving excellent swelling characteristics and safety, particularly during fast charging, while maintaining capacity and energy density.

Innovation Solution

A rechargeable lithium battery design that includes a gas capturing layer between the electrode assembly and the battery case, utilizing compounds represented by specific chemical formulas to capture gases generated during charging and discharging, thereby suppressing swelling and preventing thermal runaway.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If fast charging is implemented to improve charging speed, then charging time is reduced, but gas generation increases causing swelling and safety issues

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecharging speedVSAvoidgas generation and swelling

Core Design Contradiction:

SpeedVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

A gas capturing layer is introduced as an intermediary component between the electrode assembly and the battery case. This layer contains compounds (such as iron phthalocyanine or hemoglobin) that act as mediators to capture and bind gases generated during fast charging, preventing gas accumulation and swelling while allowing fast charging to proceed

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Solution Approach 2:

The harmful gases generated during fast charging are converted into a beneficial situation by using compounds with high gas-binding affinity (such as porphyrin rings in phthalocyanine) to capture and immobilize the gases. The gas capture reaction transforms the harmful swelling effect into a controlled chemical binding process, maintaining battery integrity during fast charging

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

2Quantity of substance

If battery capacity is increased to improve energy storage, then energy density is improved, but thermal runaway risk increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvebattery capacityVSAvoidsafety and thermal runaway resistance

Core Design Contradiction:

Quantity of substanceVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The gas capturing layer is installed in advance between the electrode assembly and battery case to provide a preventive cushioning effect. When thermal runaway occurs in high-capacity batteries, the layer captures generated gases and prevents pressure buildup, cushioning against catastrophic failure and enabling safer operation of high-capacity batteries

Inventive Principle:

Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The proposed solution effectively reduces gas generation and internal thermal runaway, enhancing the safety and swelling characteristics of the lithium battery while supporting fast charging and maintaining energy density.

Implementation Method 1

a gas capturing layer between the electrode assembly and the battery case, wherein the gas capturing layer includes a compound represented by one selected from among Chemical Formulas 1 to 4

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectGas absorption: Absorption (physical)

Data Source

PatentEP4560783A1Rechargeable lithium battery

Publication Date: 2025.05.28 SAMSUNG SDI CO LTD

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AI summary

A rechargeable lithium battery includes an electrode assembly, a battery case housing the electrode assembly, and a gas capturing layer between the battery case and the electrode assembly, where the gas capturing layer includes a compound represented by one selected from among Chemical Formula 1 to Chemical Formula 4: