Battery Guard Member Layout for Thermal Runaway Vent Blocking
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Solution Overview
Problem
The safety performance of batteries is compromised due to the risk of thermal runaway, where high-temperature and high-speed substances released during thermal runaway can accumulate and spread, causing damage to adjacent cells and increasing the risk of thermal runaway, while excessive design distances reduce energy density and internal space utilization.
Innovation Solution
A battery design incorporating a guard member with a protective region opposite to the pressure relief mechanism, where the weight energy density (E) and minimum distance (L) between the mechanisms are optimized within the range of 2 Wh/(kg·mm) to 7010 Wh/(kg·mm) to balance safety and energy density, with the guard member also serving as a thermal management component to regulate temperature and block hazardous substances.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the distance L between the pressure relief mechanism and the protective region is increased to improve safety, then the safety performance is improved, but the energy density E/L decreases and internal space is wasted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by establishing an optimized range for the ratio E/L (weight energy density to minimum distance) between 2 Wh/(kg·mm) and 7010 Wh/(kg·mm). This quantitative parameter optimization allows the design to achieve both adequate safety distance and high energy density utilization, avoiding both excessive safety margins and insufficient protection.
2Use of energy by moving object
If the weight energy density E is increased to improve energy efficiency, then the energy density is improved, but the thermal runaway becomes more violent and the temperature and speed of released substances increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies beforehand cushioning by placing a protective region (guard member) at a predetermined minimum distance L from the pressure relief mechanism before thermal runaway occurs. This pre-positioned protective structure is designed to intercept and contain high-temperature and high-speed substances during thermal runaway, cushioning the harmful effects before they can spread to adjacent battery cells.
3Use of energy by moving object
If the minimum distance L is decreased to improve space utilization, then the energy density is improved, but particles can easily accumulate and spread to normal battery cells causing safety hazards
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary protective region (guard member) positioned between the pressure relief mechanism and adjacent battery cells. This intermediary structure serves as a barrier that intercepts particles, high-temperature substances, and flames during thermal runaway, preventing them from reaching and damaging normal battery cells while allowing the distance L to be minimized for space efficiency.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances safety by reducing the risk of thermal runaway propagation while maintaining high energy density, as the optimized E/L ratio minimizes redundancy in the distance between the guard member and pressure relief mechanism, thereby improving overall safety performance and energy efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
the protective region is used for blocking at least part of substances released by the battery cell through the pressure relief mechanism
Implementation Method 2
the higher the value of E, the more violent a chain reaction occurs inside the battery cell, and the higher the temperature and speed of the substance released by the battery cell
Data Source
AI summary
Embodiments of the present application provide a battery and an electrical apparatus. The battery includes a battery cell and a guard member. The battery cell includes a pressure relief mechanism. The guard member includes a protective region opposite to the pressure relief mechanism in a thickness direction of the pressure relief mechanism, and the protective region is used for blocking at least part of substances released by the battery cell through the pressure relief mechanism. The embodiments of the present application are capable of reducing the redundancy in design of the distance between the guard member and the pressure relief mechanism, reducing the loss of energy density of the battery, and improving the safety performance of the battery while taking into account the safety protection requirements of the battery.