EV Battery Heating via Inverter AC Injection During Motion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electric vehicle (EV) battery heating systems are inadequate for maintaining optimal temperature during vehicle motion, leading to reduced performance and safety risks due to extreme cold temperatures.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus utilizing an inverter to superimpose an AC component on a DC current from the battery, generating electromagnetic torque with a non-zero direct component and a quadrature component to induce ohmic losses for internal battery heating, leveraging existing electric motor components for efficient thermal management.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If battery heating is provided during vehicle operation, then battery temperature is maintained within optimal range, but energy waste increases
Solution Approach 1:
The battery heating system utilizes AC current components that are already present in the motor drive system during vehicle operation. By extracting and utilizing the AC components from the three-phase currents supplied to the motor, the system enables the battery to heat itself without requiring separate heating energy input. The inverter controls the AC current components flowing through the battery based on temperature conditions, allowing the battery to serve its own thermal management needs using existing system resources.
2Temperature
If AC component is superimposed on DC current for battery heating, then battery temperature is maintained, but electromagnetic torque control complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The inverter performs multiple functions simultaneously: it supplies three-phase AC currents to the motor for propulsion while also controlling AC current components that flow through the battery for heating purposes. By adjusting the phase and magnitude of the AC current components in the motor drive system, the inverter achieves both motor torque control and battery temperature management through a single device, eliminating the need for separate heating control systems.
3Temperature
If inverter adjusts phase components for battery heating, then battery temperature control is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The inverter dynamically adjusts the phase and magnitude parameters of the AC current components supplied to the motor based on real-time battery temperature conditions. By modifying these electrical parameters (phase angle, current amplitude) of the existing motor drive currents, the system achieves battery temperature control without adding physical heating components. The control system monitors battery temperature and adjusts the AC current parameters accordingly to maintain optimal operating conditions.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Maintains battery temperature within an optimal range during vehicle operation, enhancing performance and safety by minimizing energy waste and ensuring consistent driving experience across varying climates.
Implementation Method 1
the battery is heated in response to the AC component via ohmic losses
Implementation Method 2
an inverter for transforming a DC current into a first AC current having a first phase, a second AC current having a second phase, and a third AC current having a third phase
Data Source
AI summary
A battery heating system including an inverter for transforming a DC current into a first AC current having a first phase, a second AC current having a second phase, and a third AC current having a third phase, a battery for supplying the DC current to the inverter and wherein an AC component is superimposed on the DC current and wherein the battery is heated in response to the AC component via ohmic losses, and a three phase electric motor configured to generate an electromagnetic torque having a quadrature component and a direct component in response to the first AC current, the second AC current and the third AC current wherein the inverter is configured to adjust the first phase, the second phase and the third phase resulting in the direct component having a non-zero magnitude and the quadrature component such that the electromagnetic torque has a zero magnitude.