Vehicle Battery Heating via Pulsed Motor Current Without Torque Change

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing vehicle battery heating systems are ineffective at low temperatures, especially when the vehicle is in motion, as they either require the vehicle to be stationary or result in unwanted torque formation during driving.

Innovation Solution

A procedure that utilizes a pulse inverter to generate a pulsating heating current between the vehicle battery and electric machine by varying the drive current based on energy stored in the magnetic field, allowing for continuous heating without changing the torque, using a D/Q transformation and energy control to manage the pulsating current flow.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Temperature

If heating elements or heating devices are arranged on the vehicle battery to provide heating, then the battery can be heated, but the heating is ineffective due to heat losses when heating the cell casing, resulting in an overall insufficient heating effect

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebattery temperatureVSAvoidheat losses
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts the heating function from external heating elements and transfers it to the electric motor itself by utilizing the energy stored in its magnetic field. This eliminates the need for separate heating devices and reduces heat losses by generating heat directly within the battery through controlled current pulsation in the motor circuit.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The electric motor serves a dual function: propulsion and heating. By utilizing the motor's magnetic field energy and circuit resistance, the system generates heating current internally without requiring external heating elements, thereby reducing energy losses and improving heating efficiency.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Temperature

If the drive current is varied to generate heating current, then the battery can be heated during driving, but the torque may change which affects vehicle operation

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebattery temperatureVSAvoidtorque
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSForce

Solution Approach 1:

The invention applies periodic pulsating current to the electric motor circuit at frequencies that do not affect the motor's torque production. By utilizing the motor's inductance and back-EMF characteristics, the system superimposes high-frequency current pulses on the drive current, generating heat through resistive losses while maintaining the average torque required for vehicle propulsion.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The control system dynamically adjusts the drive current parameters based on real-time operating conditions, varying the current pulse amplitude and frequency to optimize heating effectiveness while maintaining constant torque output. The system continuously monitors motor parameters and adapts the heating current superposition to preserve torque stability during battery heating.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables effective battery heating during vehicle operation without generating unwanted torque, thereby improving heating efficiency and extending the usage of the heating function beyond stationary conditions.

Implementation Method 1

the stored energy in the magnetic field is varied, thus generating a pulsating heating current between the battery and the electric motor

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectJoule heating: Joule Heating

Implementation Method 2

drive current is varied depending on a predetermined torque and energy stored in a magnetic field of the electric motor such that the stored energy in the magnetic field is varied

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic energy storage: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP4498566A1Method for heating a vehicle battery of a vehicle while driving
Publication Date: 2025.01.29 VOLKSWAGEN AG
  • EP4498566A1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4498566A1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4498566A1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for heating a vehicle battery (51) of a vehicle (50) with an electric motor (52), wherein, during a journey of the vehicle (50), the drive current (i) is selected by the pulse inverter (2) from a drive current provided by the pulse inverter (2). A driving-condition-independent battery heating method is provided by selecting the drive current (i) as a function of a predetermined torque (T) and by specifying an energy (E) stored in a magnetic field of the electric motor such that the stored energy (E) in the magnetic field is varied and thus a pulsating heating current is generated between the vehicle battery (51) and the electric motor (52) without changing the torque (T).