Battery Housing Shielding and Heat Sink for Thermal Runaway
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electrical system components in vehicles, particularly high-voltage battery storage devices, face challenges with electrical losses leading to heat accumulation, which can result in thermal runaway and safety risks. Current solutions primarily focus on thermal insulation and protection during exceptional conditions but lack efficient heat dissipation and safety enhancements in regular operating conditions.
Innovation Solution
A housing for electronic circuits, such as high-voltage battery storage devices, is designed with a shielding device comprising an insulating layer and a metallic outer layer, combined with a heat sink. This configuration directs thermal losses away from sensitive areas, enhances safety by preventing mechanical penetration, and improves overall system efficiency by targeted heat dissipation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If thermal insulation is applied to protect against thermal runaway, then safety during exceptional conditions is improved, but heat dissipation during regular operation is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The housing is divided into different functional zones: a first housing portion with thermal insulation for safety protection, and a second housing portion with heat dissipation structures for operational cooling. This segmentation allows simultaneous achievement of both safety during thermal runaway and heat dissipation during regular operation.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the housing are assigned different thermal properties: the first housing portion has high thermal insulation to contain thermal runaway, while the second housing portion has enhanced heat dissipation capabilities. This local differentiation resolves the contradiction by optimizing each region for its specific function.
2Strength
If the housing is designed as a closed structure for protection, then mechanical strength is improved, but heat dissipation is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The closed housing structure is segmented into a first portion that maintains mechanical strength and a second portion that incorporates heat dissipation features such as heat sinks and cooling channels. This allows the housing to simultaneously provide mechanical protection and effective heat dissipation.
Solution Approach 2:
Heat sinks and cooling channels act as intermediary structures within the closed housing, facilitating heat transfer from the battery to the external environment without compromising the mechanical integrity of the overall housing structure.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If thermal insulation is applied to divert hot gases, then protection of passenger compartment is improved, but internal heat accumulation is worsened
Solution Approach 1:
The housing is segmented into a first portion with thermal insulation for diverting hot gases away from the passenger compartment, and a second portion with heat dissipation structures to manage internal temperature, thereby resolving the contradiction between external protection and internal cooling.
Solution Approach 2:
The first housing portion is designed with high thermal insulation properties to redirect hot gases, while the second housing portion incorporates heat sinks and cooling channels to actively dissipate internal heat, creating local thermal optimization that addresses both protection and cooling requirements.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The proposed solution effectively reduces thermal and acoustic emissions, enhances safety by preventing mechanical penetration and thermal runaway, and improves system efficiency by directing heat losses for targeted dissipation, thus ensuring safer and more efficient operation of electrical system components in vehicles.
Implementation Method 1
an insulating layer (10) and, facing a free outer side, a metallic outer layer (11)
Implementation Method 2
a metallic outer layer (11) that, in the installed state, faces away from the electronic circuit (1)
Implementation Method 3
the housing (2) or a portion of the housing (2) has a heat sink (4)
Implementation Method 4
such a shielding device significantly reduces thermal and/or acoustic emission at an outer surface of the housing
Data Source
AI summary
A housing or a portion of a housing for an electronic circuit, preferably an electrical system component of a vehicle. In order to provide a housing for an electronic circuit, preferably an electrical system component of a vehicle and in particular a battery storage device, which has improved properties, even beyond a thermal runaway or comparable exceptional thermal conditions, it is proposed for the housing or a portion of the housing to have a surface, which is embodied as a shielding device with an insulating layer facing the electronic circuit and a metallic outer layer, and for the housing or a portion of the housing to have a heat sink.