Battery Impedance Control for In-Rush and Out-Rush Protection
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Solution Overview
Problem
The management and maintenance of electrochemical energy storage systems and devices, particularly in electric vehicles, are challenging due to varying battery chemistries, form factors, and time-dependent charge/discharge states, leading to potential system shutdowns and damage from high current events.
Innovation Solution
An out-rush protection system that increases impedance during high current events and reduces it once the event subsides, using a control module with a current protection unit to manage lithium-ion or lead acid batteries in electric vehicles, preventing damage from in-rush and out-rush currents.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If the battery system allows high current flow to meet power demands, then the power delivery capability is improved, but the risk of damage from out-rush current events increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a control module with current protection unit as an intermediary between the battery system and the load. This intermediary monitors current flow and actively inserts or removes impedance to prevent harmful out-rush current events, thereby protecting the battery system while maintaining normal high-power operation when needed.
Solution Approach 2:
The control module dynamically changes the impedance parameter of the battery system based on operating conditions. During normal operation, impedance is kept low to maximize power delivery. When out-rush current events are detected, the control module increases impedance to limit current flow and prevent damage, thus adapting the system parameter to resolve the contradiction.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the system uses different battery chemistries and configurations to meet diverse application requirements, then the adaptability is improved, but the complexity of management and maintenance increases
Solution Approach 1:
The control module is designed as a universal protection system that can manage multiple types of battery chemistries and configurations through a single unified interface. It provides multi-functional capabilities including current monitoring, impedance control, and protection against various fault conditions, eliminating the need for separate management systems for different battery types.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates self-diagnostic and self-protection capabilities through the current protection unit that automatically detects out-rush current events and responds by adjusting impedance. This automated self-service approach reduces the burden on external management systems and simplifies maintenance across diverse battery configurations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively prevents high current spikes, protecting the electrochemical energy storage systems and vehicles from damage by managing current flow, ensuring smooth operation and prolonging system longevity.
Implementation Method 1
the control module comprises a current protection unit configured to increase an impedance of the electrical energy storage device upon a detection of an in-rush current event
Data Source
AI summary
Systems and devices for out-rush/in-rush protection in electrochemical energy storage systems and devices (e.g., batteries) are described. In various embodiments, a system (e.g., electric vehicle) may include an electrical energy storage device/battery, a drive unit/electric motor/load configured to receive a current from the battery; and a control module coupled to the drive unit and the battery. The control module may be configured to control the current output from the battery to the drive unit/electric motor/load, wherein the control module may include a protection unit configured to increase an impedance of the battery upon a detection of an in-rush current event at the drive unit/electric motor/load, an out-rush current event at the battery, or for a period of time to protect the out-rush/in-rush event at the battery. The protection unit may be configured to reduce the impedance of the battery upon detecting that the out-rush/in-rush current event has subsided.