Battery Impedance Monitoring PCB Layout to Limit Induced EMF
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing battery monitoring techniques face errors in detecting complex impedance due to induced electromotive forces in electrical paths, which affect the accuracy of response signal detection in storage batteries.
Innovation Solution
A battery monitoring apparatus with a planar circuit board and specific electrical path configurations is used to minimize induced electromotive forces, ensuring the induced electromotive force in second electrical paths is within an allowable range, thereby improving the accuracy of complex impedance calculation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If electrical paths are arranged on a circuit board for battery monitoring, then the device can detect complex impedance, but induced electromotive forces cause errors in response signal detection
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies equipotentiality by configuring the electrical paths such that the second electrical path (through which the response signal flows) is arranged to minimize induced electromotive force. Specifically, the path is designed to reduce the area enclosed by loops, thereby reducing magnetic flux linkage and induced voltage according to Faraday's law, ensuring the response signal detection is not corrupted by electromagnetic induction from the first electrical path.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary approach by using a differential measurement configuration where the response signal is detected through a pair of second electrical paths. This differential arrangement acts as an intermediary mechanism that rejects common-mode induced electromotive forces while preserving the differential response signal, thereby eliminating the harmful effect of induction errors.
2Reliability
If external power sources are used for signal generation, then signal control is improved, but parts count and manufacturing costs increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies self-service by enabling the storage battery itself to generate the AC signal through its own electrochemical characteristics. By applying a DC voltage and utilizing the battery's internal impedance, the system causes the battery to naturally produce an AC response signal without requiring external oscillators or power sources. This eliminates additional components while maintaining reliable signal generation for impedance measurement.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements multi-functionality by making the storage battery serve dual purposes: it acts as both the object under test (for impedance measurement) and as the signal source (generating the AC signal). This universal approach allows the same component to fulfill multiple functions, reducing the overall parts count while maintaining measurement capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances the accuracy of complex impedance calculation by reducing errors in response signal detection and allows for precise monitoring of storage battery health without external power sources, reducing parts count and manufacturing costs.
Implementation Method 1
an induced electromotive force, which is induced in the pair of second electrical paths by the AC signal flowing through the first electrical path
Data Source
AI summary
A battery monitoring apparatus includes a circuit board, a signal control unit configured to cause a predetermined AC signal to be outputted from a storage battery through a first electrical path, a response signal input unit configured to input, through a pair of second electrical paths, a response signal of the storage battery to the AC signal, and a calculating unit configured to calculate, based on the response signal, a complex impedance of the storage battery. The first and second electrical paths are provided on a major face of the circuit board. On the circuit board, there is defined a first region which is surrounded by the first and second electrical paths and two terminals of the storage battery. The size of the first region is set to have an electromotive force, which is induced in the second electrical paths by the AC signal, be within an allowable electromotive-force range.