Battery Thermal Insulation Material for Cell Expansion Cushioning
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing thermal insulation materials for batteries, such as those with a corrugated plate spring configuration, fail to adequately deform with increased battery cell expansion, leading to insufficient cushioning and thermal insulation during thermal runaway.
Innovation Solution
A thermal insulation material comprising a compression adjustment layer and a thermal insulation layer, with a thickness ratio between 0.5 and 4.5, and compressive stress ranging from 0.34 MPa to 3.45 MPa, allowing for flexible deformation and enhanced thermal insulation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Temperature
If a corrugated plate spring spacer is used to provide thermal insulation between battery cells, then thermal insulation is improved, but cushioning property against battery cell expansion deteriorates when deformation amount becomes large
Solution Approach 1:
The spacer is divided into multiple layers: a compression adjustment layer (first layer) and a thermal insulation layer (second layer). This segmentation allows each layer to specialize in its function - the compression adjustment layer handles deformation and cushioning, while the thermal insulation layer provides thermal barrier properties
Solution Approach 2:
The spacer uses a composite structure combining different material properties - the compression adjustment layer uses elastomeric material for flexibility and cushioning, while the thermal insulation layer uses materials with low thermal conductivity for heat barrier functionality
2Productivity
If battery cell capacity is increased to improve energy density, then productivity is improved, but deformation amount during charging and discharging increases causing insufficient cushioning
Solution Approach 1:
The invention changes the physical parameters of the spacer by adjusting the thickness ratio between the compression adjustment layer and thermal insulation layer (within 0.5 to 4.5), and controlling the compressive stress (0.34-3.45 MPa at 25-70% compression), enabling the spacer to accommodate larger deformation amounts from high-capacity battery cells
3Temperature
If a rigid thermal insulation material is used to provide thermal barrier, then thermal insulation is improved, but adaptability to battery cell deformation deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The compression adjustment layer is designed to be dynamically deformable within a compression range of 25-70%, allowing the spacer to adapt to battery cell expansion and contraction during charging and discharging cycles while maintaining thermal insulation through the separate thermal insulation layer
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The material exhibits excellent cushioning properties and high thermal insulation, effectively managing battery cell expansion and thermal runaway, thereby improving the safety and longevity of lithium-ion secondary batteries.
Implementation Method 1
a compressive stress is from 0.34 MPa through 3.45 MPa when the compression adjustment layer is compressed and deformed at any rate within a range of from 25% through 70% in a thickness direction
Implementation Method 2
a thermal insulation layer... having a compressive stress from 0.34 MPa through 3.45 MPa... to thermally insulate between the battery cells
Data Source
AI summary
A thermal insulation material for a battery of the present invention includes a compression adjustment layer and a thermal insulation layer laminated to each other. A ratio of a thickness of the compression adjustment layer to a thickness of the thermal insulation layer is more than 0.5 and less than 4.5, and a compressive stress is from 0.34 MPa through 3.45 MPa when the compression adjustment layer is compressed and deformed at any rate within a range of from 25% through 70% in a thickness direction with respect to a thickness before compression.