Solid-State Battery Interface Layers for Uniform Lithium Deposition
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries face issues with short circuits due to lithium deposition on the negative electrode during charging and discharging, which is exacerbated by the interface between the metallic negative electrode and solid electrolyte, leading to localized lithium precipitation and reduced effectiveness in preventing short circuits.
Innovation Solution
Incorporating a polymer electrolyte layer with lithium ion conductivity and an alloy-forming layer capable of forming lithium alloys, positioned between the negative electrode and the solid electrolyte, to facilitate uniform lithium deposition and reduce localized reactions, thereby suppressing short circuits. The alloy-forming layer interferes with lithium nucleation, and the polymer electrolyte layer enhances ion conductivity and stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a metallic negative electrode and solid electrolyte interface is used, then lithium ion conductivity is maintained, but localized lithium precipitation occurs leading to short circuits
Solution Approach 1:
A polymer electrolyte layer is introduced as an intermediary between the metallic negative electrode and the solid electrolyte. This intermediate layer modifies the interface properties, preventing direct contact between the electrode and solid electrolyte that causes localized lithium precipitation, while still allowing lithium ion transport.
Solution Approach 2:
The electrolyte system is transformed from a single solid electrolyte material into a composite structure consisting of a polymer electrolyte layer combined with a solid electrolyte layer. This composite structure combines the benefits of both materials: the polymer layer provides uniform lithium deposition, while the solid electrolyte maintains high ion conductivity.
2Productivity
If lithium ions move between electrodes during charging and discharging, then battery operation is enabled, but lithium deposition on the negative electrode causes short circuits
Solution Approach 1:
The polymer electrolyte layer acts as a mediator that facilitates uniform lithium ion deposition during charging while preventing the formation of dendritic structures that cause short circuits. This allows the battery to operate reliably through repeated charging and discharging cycles.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The configuration effectively increases the no-short-circuit current density and reduces localized lithium deposition, improving the battery's ability to prevent short circuits and maintain stability during repeated charging and discharging, while also enhancing electrochemical stability and ion transport.
Implementation Method 1
a polymer electrolyte layer having lithium ion conductivity. The polymer electrolyte layer has lithium ion conductivity
Implementation Method 2
an alloy-forming layer capable of forming a lithium alloy
Implementation Method 3
An electricity storage device is known to be charged and discharged by lithium ions moving between a positive electrode and a negative electrode
Data Source
AI summary
An electricity storage device includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode, a polymer electrolyte layer provided between the negative electrode and the positive electrode, an alloy-forming layer capable of forming a lithium alloy, and a polymer electrolyte layer having lithium ion conductivity. The polymer electrolyte layer has lithium ion conductivity. The polymer electrolyte layer and the alloy-forming layer are formed at least on a side of the negative electrode of the electrolyte layer. The alloy-forming layer is located closer to the electrolyte layer. The polymer electrolyte layer is located closer to the negative electrode.