Battery Lead Cladding Material for Welding

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Solution Overview

Problem

The existing method of welding a lead to a battery terminal using a Ni plating process can result in moisture and impurities remaining in the plated layers, leading to foreign matter formation during resistance welding, which affects bonding strength and corrosion resistance.

Innovation Solution

A cladding material comprising a first Ni layer on the welded side, a second Ni layer on the opposite side, and an Fe layer in between, where the first Ni layer's thickness is 3.1-7.5% of the total cladding material thickness, inhibiting moisture and impurities from remaining on the second Ni layer and improving corrosion resistance.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Ease of manufacture

If Ni plating is performed using a plating tank containing moisture and impurities, then the plating process can be completed, but moisture and impurities remain in the plated layers causing foreign matter formation during welding

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplating processVSAvoidbonding strength
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The Ni plating process is divided into two separate stages: first plating in a tank containing moisture and impurities, then plating in a second tank containing only Ni salt solution. This segmentation allows the first stage to achieve adequate coverage while the second stage eliminates contamination, resolving the contradiction between manufacturing ease and bonding reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The first Ni plating layer is formed as a preliminary step before the second plating stage. This preliminary action provides a base layer that facilitates subsequent plating while being replaced by a cleaner second layer, ensuring final product quality without compromising the plating process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

2Productivity

If impurities remain on the plated layers, then the plating can be completed quickly, but the impurities gasify during high temperature welding causing foreign matter to remain on the surface

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplating speedVSAvoidforeign matter formation
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The plating process is segmented into two tanks: the first tank enables faster initial plating despite containing impurities, while the second tank removes these impurities. This segmentation maintains productivity while eliminating harmful foreign matter formation during welding.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The impurities present in the first plating tank are converted from harmful contaminants into a beneficial intermediate step. The first plating layer serves as a sacrificial base that facilitates rapid plating, while the second clean plating layer eliminates the harmful effects, transforming the potential harm into a productive two-stage process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Device complexity

If a single Ni layer is used, then the manufacturing process is simple, but corrosion resistance is insufficient compared to dual Ni layers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecladding structureVSAvoidcorrosion resistance
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The Ni cladding layer is segmented into two distinct layers formed in separate plating tanks. This segmentation increases corrosion resistance by ensuring the outer layer is free from impurities while maintaining a relatively simple overall structure, balancing device complexity with reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The cladding structure uses a composite of two Ni layers with different characteristics: the first layer provides base coverage and the second layer provides clean, corrosion-resistant surface. This composite structure enhances corrosion resistance while keeping the overall design relatively simple.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

4Reliability

If Ni is used as the substrate material, then corrosion resistance is improved, but the cost increases compared to using Fe substrate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecorrosion resistanceVSAvoidmaterial cost
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSQuantity of substance

Solution Approach 1:

The lead material uses a composite structure of Fe substrate with dual Ni cladding layers. This composite design provides the corrosion resistance of Ni while utilizing the cost-effective Fe substrate, optimizing the balance between reliability and material cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

Solution Approach 2:

The Ni cladding layers act as intermediary protective layers on the Fe substrate. These intermediaries provide the corrosion resistance properties of Ni without requiring the entire structure to be made of expensive Ni, thus reducing material cost while maintaining reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration ensures reliable bonding strength and prevents foreign matter from remaining on the surface, enhancing corrosion resistance and reducing costs by using iron as a substrate, while maintaining bonding strength equivalent to or higher than traditional Ni-plated materials.

Implementation Method 1

the cladding material for a lead includes the Fe layer having iron lower in cost than Ni as a substrate, whereby the lead material can be prepared at a lower cost as compared with a lead material made of only Ni

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCost reduction through material substitution:

Implementation Method 2

the first Ni layer and the second Ni layer can be arranged on a surface of the lead material, whereby corrosion resistance of the cladding material for a lead can be improved as compared with a case of e.g. arranging a Ni-Fe alloy on the surface of the lead material

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCorrosion resistance:

Implementation Method 3

the impurity remaining on the plated layers of the lead materials gasifies due to a high temperature at the time of welding when performing the resistance welding on the battery can and the lid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHigh temperature:

Implementation Method 4

the impurity remaining on the plated layers of the lead materials gasifies due to a high temperature at the time of welding

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectGasification: Evaporation

Data Source

PatentEP2538472B1Cladding material for leads and method of welding cladding material for leads
Publication Date: 2017.03.29 PROTERIAL LTD
  • EP2538472B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2538472B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP2538472B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A cladding material for a lead capable of inhibiting foreign matter from remaining on a surface can be obtained. The cladding material (1) is a cladding material for a lead welded to a terminal (21, 22) of a battery (2) and comprises a first Ni layer (11) arranged on a side welded to the terminal of said battery, a second Ni layer (12) arranged on a side opposite to said welded side and an Fe layer (10) arranged to be held between said first Ni layer and said second Ni layer. The thickness of the first Ni layer is at least 2.1 % and not more than 8.2 % of the thickness of said cladding material consisting of the first Ni layer, the second Ni layer and the Fe layer.