Battery Magnetometer Monitoring for Internal Short-Circuit Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Internal short-circuits in batteries can cause unintended discharge and heat buildup, leading to damage, and existing monitoring methods are inadequate for early detection and prevention.
Innovation Solution
A system using two magnetometers, one integrated with the battery and another remote, measures magnetic flux density to detect deviations caused by internal short-circuits, allowing for timely intervention and safety measures such as shutdown and cooling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a single magnetometer is integrated with the battery to measure magnetic flux density, then internal short-circuits can be detected, but false readings may occur due to external magnetic interference from the environment or other batteries
Solution Approach 1:
A remote reference magnetometer is introduced as an intermediary to measure the background magnetic field without being affected by the battery's internal currents. This reference measurement serves as a mediator to distinguish between external magnetic interference and internal short-circuit signals, allowing accurate detection by subtracting the reference value from the battery-adjacent magnetometer reading.
2Measurement precision
If multiple magnetometers are placed close to the battery for accurate measurement, then detection sensitivity improves, but magnetic interference from other batteries or devices increases
Solution Approach 1:
The reference magnetometer is extracted and placed remotely from the battery, separating the background magnetic field measurement function from the battery assembly. This extraction allows the reference sensor to operate in a low-interference environment while still providing accurate baseline data for comparison with the battery-adjacent magnetometer.
3Speed
If continuous monitoring is performed during battery operation, then real-time detection is achieved, but measurements during charging/discharging create false positives due to normal current flow
Solution Approach 1:
The monitoring system operates periodically by switching between measurement modes: during charging/discharging phases, it performs differential measurement using both magnetometers to detect anomalies; during idle phases, it performs absolute measurement. This periodic switching allows continuous monitoring capability while avoiding false positives during normal operational current flow.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables reliable detection of internal short-circuits, preventing further discharge and heat damage, and ensuring safer battery operation by outputting warnings and initiating cooling measures.
Implementation Method 1
a first magnetometer is provided, which measures a magnetic flux density in the battery or directly adjacent to the battery. The magnetic field which is caused by a procedure in the interior of the cell may also still be detected outside a housing in the immediate vicinity.
Data Source
AI summary
A method for monitoring a first battery in a device, in particular in a motor vehicle, a first magnetometer measuring a magnetic flux density in the battery and/or adjacent to the battery, a second magnetometer measuring a magnetic flux density remotely from the first battery in the device, and in a period, in which no power supply or power withdrawal is provided to or from the first battery, a measurement of the first and the second magnetometer being carried out, and an evaluation unit, for the case in which the magnetic flux density measured by the first magnetometer exceeds a background magnetic flux density measured with the aid of the second magnetometer beyond a predetermined amount, determining and outputting an error status of the first battery.