Lithium-Ion Battery Management for High Current Peak Tools
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-ion batteries struggle to meet the high current requirements and peak currents of electric hand tools and garden tools, as their electrochemical diffusion and reaction speeds are insufficient to handle the extreme power demands of these devices.
Innovation Solution
A battery management system that utilizes the dielectric capacity of lithium-ion batteries to cover current peaks beyond the electrochemical limitations, by measuring the current requirement and using the inherent dielectric effect to provide additional power without exceeding safe operating states, and taking into account variables like temperature, internal resistance, and state of charge.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Duration of action of moving object
If lithium-ion batteries are used for electric hand tools and garden equipment, then extended runtime is achieved, but the batteries cannot meet high current peaks and power demands
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the battery system into multiple battery cells that can be independently managed. The battery management system controls individual cells to optimize their contribution to overall power output, allowing the system to deliver high current peaks by coordinating multiple cells while maintaining extended runtime through efficient energy distribution.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes operational parameters of the lithium-ion battery by adjusting voltage and current distribution across multiple cells. The battery management system dynamically modifies operating parameters to maximize power delivery during peak demands while preserving overall battery capacity for extended runtime operation.
2Quantity of substance
If battery capacity is increased to meet power demands, then energy storage is improved, but the electrochemical diffusion and reaction speeds remain insufficient for high current peaks
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the battery into multiple cells, each contributing to the overall capacity. This segmentation allows the system to leverage the combined capacity of multiple cells while managing their individual electrochemical reactions separately, enabling high current peak delivery without requiring each individual cell to operate beyond its electrochemical speed limits.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines multiple battery cells in a configuration that merges their individual capacities and power delivery capabilities. By coordinating multiple cells through the battery management system, the system achieves both high total capacity and high peak power output, overcoming the limitation of individual cell electrochemical reaction speeds.
3Power
If multiple battery cells are used to increase power output, then current peak capability is improved, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The battery management system performs multiple functions: it monitors individual cell states, distributes current optimally across cells, manages charging/discharging cycles, and protects against overloads. This multi-functional approach consolidates control complexity into a single system that manages the entire multi-cell battery configuration, thereby increasing power output without proportionally increasing overall system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The battery management system autonomously monitors and adjusts the operation of multiple battery cells without external intervention. It automatically balances cell voltages, manages current distribution, and protects the system from faults, thereby enabling the complex multi-cell configuration to self-regulate and reducing the need for external control complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables reliable and safe operation of electric hand tools and garden tools by optimizing the use of lithium-ion batteries' dielectric capacity to meet high current demands, preventing inhomogeneous current paths and thermal overloads, and ensuring efficient energy supply.
Implementation Method 1
the battery management system according to the invention is configured to cover the difference by utilizing a dielectric capacity of the lithium-ion battery
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a battery management system (12) for a lithium ion battery (2) of an electrical appliance (1), in particular an electrical hand tool or electrical gardening tool, which is configured in order to determine a difference between a current (14) required by the electrical appliance (1) and a predetermined measuring current (18) which can be provided electrochemically by means of the lithium ion battery (2), and to cover the difference using a dielectric capacitance of the lithium ion battery (2) in so far as this does not result in departure from predetermined acceptable operating states of the lithium ion battery (2). The invention further relates to a method for operating a lithium ion battery (2) of an electrical appliance (1).