Battery Management System Current Prediction for Lifespan Extension
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Solution Overview
Problem
Lithium-based batteries in electric and hybrid vehicles face challenges in achieving a 10-year service life due to excessive power output and temperature gradients, leading to potential damage and premature aging, which existing battery management systems fail to adequately address.
Innovation Solution
A method for battery management that predicts the available current based on a state variable, using monitoring algorithms to regulate current and prevent damage by setting a precautionary limit current, ensuring the battery operates within optimal limits and preventing lithium plating and temperature-related issues.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If the battery provides high current output to meet power demands, then the power delivery capability is improved, but the battery lifespan deteriorates due to excessive power output and temperature gradients
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary monitoring of the state variable (such as temperature or voltage) over a reference period before allowing high current output. By predicting the available current based on historical data and setting precautionary limits in advance, the system prevents excessive power output that would damage the battery, thus extending lifespan while still enabling high power delivery when conditions permit
Solution Approach 2:
The system continuously monitors the state variable and adjusts the available current limit dynamically based on real-time battery conditions. This feedback mechanism ensures that the battery operates within safe parameters while maximizing power output capability, resolving the contradiction between high current delivery and lifespan preservation
2Productivity
If the battery operates at high power levels to meet vehicle demands, then the performance is improved, but temperature gradients increase causing damage and premature aging
Solution Approach 1:
The system monitors temperature-related state variables over a reference period and predicts safe operating limits before high power events occur. By establishing precautionary temperature limits in advance based on historical thermal behavior, the system prevents excessive temperature gradients while still allowing high performance operation within safe thermal boundaries
Solution Approach 2:
The system dynamically adjusts the available current limit based on the monitored state variable (temperature or voltage), effectively changing the operating parameters in real-time. When temperature gradients approach dangerous levels, the system reduces the current limit to prevent thermal damage, while allowing higher currents when thermal conditions are favorable, thus maintaining performance without excessive heating
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to a method for battery management, wherein a magnitude of a current (Iv) that can be provided by the battery within a prediction period (∆t) is determined from an available magnitude (KR) of a status variable, which is predicted within the prediction period (∆t), wherein the predicted available magnitude (KR) of the status variable is determined by means of a difference between a permissible magnitude (Kmax) of the status variable, which is determined for a first reference period (t1), and an obtained magnitude (K) of the status variable, which is determined for the first reference period (t1). The invention also relates to a computer program and a battery management system suitable for carrying out the method and to a motor vehicle having such a battery management system.