Battery Management System Dynamic State of Charge Adjustment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Rechargeable batteries, especially those maintained at a higher state of charge, experience a reduction in service life, and existing battery management systems fail to optimize and extend their lifespan effectively.
Innovation Solution
A battery management system that determines the initial state of charge (SoC) based on a nominal capacity profile and operational requirements, adjusts the SoC by setting a test voltage and discharge rate, measures the discharge voltage, calculates an error value, and adjusts the SoC set point to extend the battery's service life, while maintaining capacity requirements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the battery is maintained at a higher state of charge to ensure sufficient capacity for mission-critical operations, then the available capacity and reliability are improved, but the service life of the battery deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements dynamic adjustment of the state of charge (SoC) setpoint based on battery age, test results, and operational conditions. The SoC setpoint is not fixed but changes over time, starting higher for new batteries and gradually reducing as the battery ages, thereby optimizing the balance between reliability and service life extension
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operating parameters of the battery by adjusting the SoC setpoint and voltage thresholds based on battery condition. By modifying these parameters dynamically, the system adapts the battery's operating state to extend service life while maintaining sufficient reliability for mission-critical operations
2Measurement precision
If the battery is tested frequently to monitor its condition and optimize performance, then the measurement precision and reliability are improved, but the loss of time and operational interruptions increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic testing cycles where the battery is discharged to a test voltage threshold and then recharged. These tests are performed at scheduled intervals rather than continuously, allowing the battery to remain in service while being monitored at regular intervals to track its condition and adjust the SoC setpoint accordingly
Solution Approach 2:
The battery management system automatically performs testing, monitoring, and adjustment operations without requiring manual intervention. The system self-manages the discharge-test-recharge cycle and automatically adjusts the SoC setpoint based on test results, minimizing operational interruptions and time loss
Data Source
AI summary
Battery management systems and methods for optimizing and extending the service life of a battery generally include subjecting the battery to a test cycle that appropriately sets the state of charge for the battery to less than the nominal capacity of the battery, i.e., to less than 100% state of charge. The state of charge of other batteries in the system not being tested can be increased to insure that the system battery capacity is not degraded during the test cycle. Periodic testing of the battery and adjusting the state of charge maintains an optimal state of charge as the battery ages. Batteries that do not meet the required capacity can be readily identified and replaced on demand.